Answer:
The main
sources responsible for the pollution of water are:
(a) Sewage and domestic wastes, e.g., human excreta,
sewage, sludge, soaps and detergents, domestic wastes, etc.
(b) Industrial effluents: These contain toxic chemicals and hazardous compounds
both organic and inorganic.
(c) Agricultural discharges: These include fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides,
herbicides, etc.
(d) Thermal discharges:
Used water from power plants and industries is discharged directly into water
bodies. The temperature of water bodies thus, increases. This brings down DO
level which is harmful for aquatic animals.
(e) Oil: Oil and oil
wastes enter rivers and other water bodies. Since, oil is insoluble in water,
it floats and spreads rapidly into a thin layer. This layer on the surface of
water lowers DO level in water.
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