question_answer 1)

A couple has two children, (i) Find te probability that both children are males, it is known that at least one of the children is male. (ii) Find the probability that both children are females, if it is known that the elder child is female.  

Answer:

S = {(B1, B1), (B1, G2), (G1, B2), (G1, G2)}       Where B1 = elder male, B2 = younger male.         G1 = elder female, G2 = younger male,          (i) Let A = event that both the children are male = {(B1, B2)} and B = event that atleast one of the children is male = {(B1, B1), (B1, G2), (G1,G2)}                  Required probability       (i)     Let A = event that both children are female       and B = event that the elder child is female                   Required Probability