Answer:
(a) Let the whole quantity be P. Then, 5% of P = 600 \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{5}{100}\times P=600\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{P}{20}=600\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=600\times 20\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=12000\] Hence, the whole quantity is 12000. (b) Let the whole quantity ` P. Then, 12% of P = 1080. \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{12}{100}\times P=\] ` 1080 \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{3P}{25}=\] ` 1080 \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=\frac{1080\times 25}{3}\] \[\Rightarrow \] P = ` 9000 Hence, the whole quantity is ` 9000 (c) Let the whole quantity be P km. Then, 40% of P = 500 \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{40}{100}\times P=500\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{2P}{5}=500\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=\frac{500\times 5}{2}\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=125\text{0 km}\]. Hence, the whole quantity is 1250 km. (d) Let the whole quantity be P minutes Then, 70% of P = 14 \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{70}{100}\times P=14\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{7P}{10}=14\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=\frac{14\times 10}{7}\] \[\Rightarrow \] P = 20 Hence, the whole quantity is 20 minutes. (e) Let the whole quantity be P litres. Then. 8% of P = 40 \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{8}{100}\times P=40\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[\frac{2P}{25}=40\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=\frac{40\times 25}{2}\] \[\Rightarrow \] \[P=500\] Hence, the whole quantity is 500 litres.
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