Introduction
Pictograph is referred as the representation of data in
picture form. In ancient time pictographs were only the method for writing the
information. Numbers were also represented in picture form. Now a day
pictographs are used for the analysis of data. In this chapter we will learn
about the pictorial representation of data.
Pictograph and
its Use
Information about anything in the form of picture is called
pictograph. There are different types of graphs which are used for the
representation of data. These are bar graph, line graph, Venn diagram.
Representation of
Data by Pictograph
v A
picture of a house
represents one
house.
v Pictures
of two houserepresent 2
house.
v If
one picture of a houserepresents 6 house then
the pictures of2 house
will represent 
house.
From the above representation of data we can say that a big
quantity is represented by a symbol which is called pictorial representation of
data.
represents 12 pencils. The symbol
will
represent?
(a) 48
(b) 70
(c) 80
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
Answer (a)
Expirations
= 12 pencils
therefore, four number of such pencils = 12 x 4 = 48 pencils.
Data
Information about the things is called data. A surveyor
conducts a survey regarding the T.V users in 4 areas A, B, C, D in a city and
obtain the data: 50, 60, 45, 40.
Row data is arranged in table as shown below:
|
Area
|
Number
of T.V users
|
|
A
|
40
|
|
B
|
45
|
|
C
|
50
|
|
D
|
60
|
From the above arrangement of data, it is easy to find the
number of T.V users in each area. Maximum number of T.V users in an area D in
the above survey is 60 where minimum number of T.V. users in an area A is 40.
Following raw data is obtained
during the survey of illiterate people at 12 villages: 45, 76, 80, 90, 23,12,
45, 56. What is the difference between the most illiterate village and less
illiterate village?
(a) 68
(b) 78
(c) 88
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
Answer (b)
Explanations
The difference between the most illiterate village and less
illiterate village = 90 ? 12 = 78.
Representation of
Information using Pictograph
The following are the distribution of students in different
sections at a school:
|
Sections
|
Number of
students
|
|
A
|
60
|
|
B
|
75
|
|
C
|
45
|
|
D
|
30
|
Representation of above information in picture form is as
follows:
|
Sections
|
Number of
students
|
|
A
|
|
|
B
|
|
|
C
|
|
|
D
|
|
15 boys =
From the above pictograph the following information is
obtained:
There are
Students
in section A.
Students
are there in section B.
Students
are there in section C.
Students
are there in section D.
34 Beluga whales are
represented by
and
.
represents56
Humpback whales. Which one of the following options represents 68 Beluga and 28
Humpback whales?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
Answer (c)
Explanations
34 Beluga whales =
, therefore, 68 beluga
whales
=
. 56
Humpback whales are represented by
therefore,
28 Humpback whales
Note books are equally distributed
among 5 students once in a month in the following days. If symbol of one note
book represents 2 note books then find the total number of distributed note
books for each student?
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
Answer (a)
Explanation
Total number of note books
note books.
Hence, every one student gets
note
books.
Scale
= 1000. What is the total number of buffaloes on the
given map?
(a) 1000
(b) 4000
(c) 2000
(d) 6000
(e) None of these
Answer (b)
Explanation
Total number of buffaloes
How many trees are there in the
state, if scale is 1 tree = 12345 trees and given picture is the map of a
state?
(a) 37050
(b) 37034
(c) 49380
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
Answer (c)
Explanations
Total trees in the state
In a survey 12 people use A
brand mobiles, 15 people B brand mobiles and remaining mobile users are C
brand. If the survey was held among 100 people then the total number of C
branded mobile users was?
(a) 75
(b) 74
(c) 73
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
Answer (c)
Explanations
The total number of C branded mobile users = 100 ? (12 +
15) = 73.
In a class, 20 students scored
80 marks in math, 20 scored 70 marks in science and 30scored 90 marks in
English. If
represents 10 students then which one of the following
options is correct about the total number of students who scored 70 marks in
science?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) all of these
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanations
= 10 students.
Hence,
= 10 x 7 = 70.
v Information
in picture form is called pictograph.
v Two
or more number of same articles is represented by a symbol.
v Collected
data is called raw data.
v Raw
data is first arranged in a table.
v Pictographs
are widely used for the traffic notation on roads.
v Pictograph
is easiest method for representation of data.
v Bar
graph, vein diagram, pie charts are the other method for data representation.
v Earliest
pictograph was used by Chinese.
v Pictograph
is the convenient method to communicate with those who cannot understand
written and verbal communication.
v There
is standard representation of pictograph which is accepted globally.
v Letters
and words were used in picture form.
v Ancient
pictographs are still in use for written communication among some illiterate
societies in Africa
