4th Class Science Matter and Materials Atoms

Atoms

Category : 4th Class

Introduction

All the things that we can see around us, whether living or non-living, are matter if it takes up space and has weight. It can be dog, cat, bat, ball, air, water, etc.

Matters

Matter is made up of tiny particles. These tiny particles are too small to be seen. Millions and millions of these tiny particles put together to form a matter. These tiny particles are known as molecules. A molecule is the smaller unit of any substance that has all the properties of that particular substance. A molecule of aluminum has all the properties of aluminium. The molecule of different substances are different from each other. For example molecule of aluminium is different from the molecule of iron. The amount of space that a matter takes up is called its volume.

Atoms

Atoms are made up of fundamental particles electrons, protons, and neutrons. Protons and neutrons lie in the center of the atom and electrons are moving around the nucleus in certain orbit.

Diagrammatic representation of Atom

All materials of the universe are made up of minute particles called atoms. Structure of atoms of some elements has been given below

Atom of hydrogen Atom of carbon Atom of nitrogen

Atom of lithium Atom of oxygen

Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. Atoms can join together to form molecules, which in turn form the objects around us. It is not possible to breakdown the atom further retaining the properties of the element. Atoms are not visible to the naked eye. For example the atoms of the element carbon cannot be further broken down and each part has the properties of carbon.