Separation of alkane, alkene and alkyne
Category : JEE Main & Advanced
The gaseous mixture is passed through ammonical cuprous chloride solution. The alkyne (acetylene) reacts with \[C{{u}_{2}}C{{l}_{2}}\] and forms a red precipitate. It is filtered. The alkyne or acetylene is recovered by decomposition of the precipitate with an acid.
\[{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{2}}+C{{u}_{2}}C{{l}_{2}}+2N{{H}_{4}}OH\to \underset{(\text{Red ppt}\text{.)}}{\mathop{{{C}_{2}}C{{u}_{2}}}}\,+2N{{H}_{4}}Cl+2{{H}_{2}}O\]
\[{{C}_{2}}C{{u}_{2}}+2HN{{O}_{3}}\to {{C}_{2}}{{H}_{2}}+C{{u}_{2}}{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}\]
The remaining gaseous mixture is passed through concentrated \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\]. Alkene is absorbed. The Hydrogen sulphate derivatives is heated at 170oC to regenerate ethene.
\[{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{4}}+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\xrightarrow{{}}{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}HS{{O}_{4}}\underset{{{170}^{o}}C}{\mathop{\xrightarrow{\Delta }}}\,{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{4}}+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\]
The methane or ethane is left behind unreacted.
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