JEE Main & Advanced Physics Electrostatics & Capacitance Equipotential Surface

For a given charge distribution, locus of all points having same potential is called 'equipotential surface' regarding equipotential surface following points should keep in mind :

(1) The density of the equipotential lines gives an idea about the magnitude of electric field. Higher the density larger the field strength.

(2) The direction of electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential surfaces or lines.

(3) The equipotential surfaces produced by a point charge or a spherically charge distribution are a family of concentric spheres.

(4) For a uniform electric field, the equipotential surfaces are a family of plane perpendicular to the field lines.

(5) A metallic surface of any shape is an equipotential surface.

(6) Equipotential surfaces can never cross each other.

(7) The work done in moving a charge along an equipotential surface is always zero.