Answer:
(i)
In India, the consumer movement as a 'social force' began with the necessity of
protecting and promoting the interests of consumers against unfair trade
practices.
(ii) Rampant food shortages, hoarding, black marketing, adulteration of food
and edible oil gave birth to the consumer movement in an organized form in the
1960s.
(iii) Till the 1970s, consumer organisations were largely
engaged in writing articles and holding exhibitions.
(iv) They formed consumer groups to look into the
malpractices in ration shops and overcrowding in the road passenger transport.
(v) Because of these efforts, the movement succeeded in
bringing pressure on business firms, as well as the government to correct
business conduct.
(vi) A major step taken in 1986 by the Indian government,
was the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, popularly known as
COPRA.
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