Answer:
In octahedral complex ligands
approach along the axes. So axial orbitals
lie
directly in the path of ligand and experience greater repulsion than the
non-axial orbitals.
Whereas in
tetrahedral complex ligands are closer to non- axial orbitals (
and 
).
So, non axial orbitals experience greater force of repulsion than the axial
orbitals.
i.e.
approach of ligands in octahedral and tetrahedral fields is opposite of each
other. This is why splitting pattern of d-orbitals in octahedral and
tetrahedral geometry is reverse of each other.
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