A) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
B) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
C) If the assertion is true but the reason is false
D) If both the assertion and reason are false
E) If the assertion is false but reason is true
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Biosynthesis of protein is under direct control of DNA in most cases or else under the control of genetic RNA where DNA is absent. Sequences of bases in a particular segment of a polynucleotide chain will determine the sequence of amino acids in a particular polypeptide. The relationship is popularly known as central dogma. Flow of information is one way i.e., from DNA, information is transferred to RNA (mRNA) and from RNA to protein. Temin (1970) reported that retroviruses operate a central dogma reverse or teminism inside host cells. Genonic RNA of these viruses first synthesizes DNA through reverse transcription. DNA then transfers information to messenger RNA which takes part in translation of the coded information to form polypeptide. \[\underset{\text{(i) One way flow of information (central dogma)}}{\mathop{\text{DNA}\xrightarrow{\text{transcription}}\text{RNA}\xrightarrow{\text{translation}}\text{proteins}}}\,\] \[\underset{\text{(i) Reverse flow of transcription information}}{\mathop{\text{DNA}\underset{\xleftarrow[\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,]{}}{\mathop{\xrightarrow{\text{transcription}}}}\,\text{RNA}\xrightarrow{\text{translation}}\text{proteins}}}\,\]
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