JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Straight Line Question Bank Distance between two lines, Perpendicular distance of the line from a point Position of point w.r.t. line

  • question_answer
    The product of the perpendiculars drawn from the points \[(\pm \sqrt{{{a}^{2}}-{{b}^{2}},}0)\] on the line\[\frac{x}{a}\cos \theta +\frac{y}{b}\sin \theta =1\], is

    A)            \[{{a}^{2}}\]                         

    B)            \[{{b}^{2}}\]

    C)            \[{{a}^{2}}+{{b}^{2}}\]

    D)            \[{{a}^{2}}-{{b}^{2}}\]

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

               \[\left( \frac{b\sqrt{{{a}^{2}}-{{b}^{2}}}\cos \theta +0-ab}{\sqrt{{{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{a}^{2}}{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }} \right)\,\left( \frac{-b\sqrt{{{a}^{2}}-{{b}^{2}}}\cos \theta -ab}{\sqrt{{{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{a}^{2}}{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }} \right)\]                    \[=\frac{-[{{b}^{2}}({{a}^{2}}-{{b}^{2}}){{\cos }^{2}}\theta -{{a}^{2}}{{b}^{2}}]}{({{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{a}^{2}}{{\sin }^{2}}\theta )}\]                    \[=\frac{{{b}^{2}}[{{a}^{2}}-{{a}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta ]}{{{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{a}^{2}}{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }\]                    \[=\frac{{{b}^{2}}[{{a}^{2}}{{\sin }^{2}}\theta +{{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta ]}{{{b}^{2}}{{\cos }^{2}}\theta +{{a}^{2}}{{\sin }^{2}}\theta }\]=\[{{b}^{2}}\].               Trick: Let \[a=2,b=1\]and\[\theta =\frac{\pi }{2}\], then the points are \[(\pm \sqrt{3},\,0)\]  and the line is y = 1. Length from \[(\sqrt{3},0)\] on \[y=1\] is 1 and that of from \[(-\sqrt{3},0)\] is also 1. Hence product is\[1\times 1=1\], which is given by (b).


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