A) Oils
B) Soaps
C) Detergents
D) Glycol + acid
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Fats are esters of higher fatty acids with glycerol, hence on alkaline hydrolysis they give back glycerol and sodium or potassium salt of acid (this is called soap). \[\underset{\text{Fat}}{\mathop{\underset{C{{H}_{2}}OCOR}{\overset{C{{H}_{2}}OCOR}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}}\,HOCOR\ }}}\,}}\,+3NaOH\to \underset{C{{H}_{2}}OH}{\overset{C{{H}_{2}}OH}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}}\,HOH\ }}}\,+\underset{\text{(Soap)}}{\mathop{3RCOONa}}\,\]
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