A) excess release of carbon-monoxide by incomplete combustion
B) excess formation of \[C{{O}_{2}}\] by combustion and animal respiration
C) excess production of \[N{{H}_{3}}\] by industry and coal gas
D) excess \[N{{O}_{2}}\] and \[S{{O}_{2}}\] from burning fossil fuels
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
R. August (1872) coined the term acid ram, which have a pH of less than 5. Acid rain is caused by large scale emission of nitrogen oxides \[(N{{O}_{x}})\,S{{O}_{2}}\] and \[HCl\] from thermal power plants, industries and automobiles. Sulphuric acid is formed when \[S{{O}_{2}}\] combines with \[{{O}_{2}}\] and \[{{H}_{2}}O\]. \[2S{{O}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow{{}}2\,S{{O}_{3}}\] \[S{{O}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}O\xrightarrow{{}}{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] Nitric acid is formed, when oxides of nitrogen combine with water and \[{{O}_{2}}\]. \[2NO+3O\xrightarrow{{}}{{N}_{2}}{{O}_{5}}\] \[{{N}_{2}}{{O}_{5}}+{{H}_{2}}O\xrightarrow{{}}2\,HN{{O}_{3}}\] CO is released by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, furnaces, stoves, factories, power plants etc. It combines with haemoglobin to form carboxy haemoglobin and thus reduce the \[{{O}_{2}}\] transport in blood.
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