A) Poppy
B) Helianthus
C) Plumbago
D) Lotus
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Parachute mechanism is method of dispersal of seeds by the parachute like pappus (calyx) which is the characteristic of family Compositae. 'Pappus? are the persistent sepals modified into hairy structures. In Helianthus (s-unflower), Tagetes (marigold), Taraxacum etc., the fruit on maturation opens in an umbrella like fashion and becomes very light due to pappus so, floats in air current easily. The hairy pappus is hygroscopic in nature. Whenever, such fruits pass through muddy areas, they come down just like parachute landing on the ground. Such mode of seed dispersal is called, parachute mechanism. Poppy (.Papaver somniferum), Argemone, Datura etc., shows Censor mechanism which is common method of dispersal in the many. seeded fruits like legumes, siliquas and capsules (poppy). Since, on maturity, fruits are violently shaken by strong winds, they burst and are thrown to a longer distance. Plumbago fruits are characterized by the sticky glands present on their surface. The fruits sticks to the body of animals and thus disperse. Lotus (Nelumbo nuciferd) is hydrophyte so dispersal of seeds occurs by water or hydrochory. In lotus fruits, the etaerio of achenes is embedded in spongy thalamus that help the fruit to float on water.
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