| Statements: |
| (i) Some cars are trains |
| (ii) Some trains are cats. |
| Conclusion: |
| (I) No car is cat |
| (II) Some cats are trains |
| (III) Some cars are cats |
| (IV) All trains are cars |
A) only either I or II or III follows
B) only either I or III and II follows
C) only either I or III follows
D) only I, II and III follows
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Conclusions II and IV are immediate inferences drawn from statement (ii) and (i) respectively. Conclusion II follows as it is the converted form of statement (ii) (I type proposition can be converted into I-type). Conclusion IV does not follow as it does not give the right conversion of the statement (i). So from immediate inferences only II follows. Conclusions I and IV are mediate inferences. But are individually false because no mediate inferences can be drawn from true particular premises. But both of them from a complementary pair in other words, we can say either conclusion I or III is right.
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