UNO stands for United Nations Organization. It is the world body which came into existence on October 24, 1945 at; the end of the Second World War. Obviously it was formed to save the world from the catastrophe of another World War.
The UNO is successfully doing its work and is trying to maintain international peace and security by developing friendly relations; among nations.
The UNO has six organs to carry out its business. However the Security Council is its most important organ. America, Russia, England, France and China are the five permanent I members of the Security Council. They enjoy the right of veto, which means that the Security Council cannot take any I decision without unanimous consent of these five members. If any of these members disagrees, the decision cannot be taken as valid. In this council, there are ten temporary members. Besides its six organs, of the UNO, there are a number of Specialized Agencies of this organization some of them are the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEP), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) etc. These agencies are charged with specific responsibilities in the fields of health, education, science, trade, culture, human rights etc.
The UNO has done valuable work in the political field. During its sixty years of existence it has successfully maintained peace either by avoiding war or by preventing its (War's) outbreak on different occasions. It prevented the Korean War from turning into World War. It also checked a war that might had taken place between England and Egypt on the issue of Suez Canal. Thus it is only because of the UNO that no Third World War has been broken so far.
So far the role of the UNO in the social field in concerned, it has done great work through its various specialized agencies. It has tried to remove poverty and diseases. The World Health Organization is doing a lot of work for the protection to the health of mankind. UNICEF has rendered useful services to poor and orphan children. The World Bank and IMF have been giving monetary help to the backward countries. UNESCO is doing a wonderful job in the field of education and culture. The UNO has also helped India in the economic, social, educational, cultural and scientific development. It tried to solve the Kashmir issue too but unluckily the issue has not been decided so far. However India has full faith in its ideals.
Owing to its services to the world, the UNO is the only hope of the world. It has been doing a great and commendable job to promote peace and prosperity all around the world.
Globalization is a process in which geographical distance becomes a factor of diminishing importance in the political and maintenance of cross-border economic, political and socio-cultural relation. In simple language we can define globalization as coming closer of different countries of the world in the social, cultural and technological fields, especially in the economic field.
The development of the internet has made possible the organization of business on a global scale and as a result the idea of globalization came into existences. It has its positive measure as well as negative. It is considered an effective measure to control the prices. The more countries trade with each other, the more their standards of living improves. Globalization makes it possible to establish and promote a hared set of core values in the areas of labour standards, human rights and environmental practices between UN and the business community.
The efficiency of public sector in the economy of the country has been increased due to globalization. Poverty is a blot on the face of any nation. Globalization reduces it to a ; great extent. There is evidence to show that among the poorest
Countries, those that trade with the other nations have achieved the highest rate of growth in Income per head and the greatest decline in poverty. Inequality of Income is also reduced by globalization. Fiscal deficit is also checked. One can see the increase in competitiveness of industrial sector due to globalization. Thus the economy of the country grows, which is very much in favour of all.
But globalization has its minus points too. It is said that globalization has affected the environment greatly. It has led to the depletion of natural resources, the production of harmful chemicals and the destruction of organic agriculture. Under globalization countries depend more on foreign debt which is very harmful for a nation. Not only this, it is always a danger of loss of economic sovereignty. It is also said that globalization leads to a lowering of wages and workplace standards because it generally does not allow unions to defend their workers' right.
Agriculture is greatly affected due to globalization, because it is given less importance. Hence, agriculture must be exempted from global trade rules so that poor countries my pursue their own food security and sustain their farming policy,
Whatever may be the disadvantages of globalization, but it a truth that it has brought people close to each other, which is in favour of the growth of human personality. Now it has become easier to know and understand the way of life of the other countries. We have now become the members of one- big family.
