Operations | Command |
Addition | Print 5 + 38 |
Subtraction | Print 8 - 44 |
Division | Print 12/34 |
SHORTCUT | INSTRUCTIONS | DESCRIPTION |
CS | CLEARSCREEN | Allows clearing the picture before a new picture is drawn |
ST | SHOWTURTLE | Allows showing the Turtle on the screen. |
HT | HIDETURTLE | Hides the Turtle on the screen |
PD | FORWARD Number | Allows moving the Turtle forwards according to the number indicated. |
BK | BACK number | more...
Introduction
Programming language enables you to write instructions which are understood by computer. There are various programming languages available, such as C, C++ and -3go. LOGO (Language of Graphic oriented) is a programming language that was developed to introduce the programming concepts and better thinking skills. Logo was developed in 1997 by a team from MIT. It enables you to draw various geometrical figures, such as squares, triangles and circles. You can also draw different designs based on figures, such as square and triangle. Using Logo you can also perform basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, etc. The triangular shaped cursor on the screen is called TURTLE.
Output Device
The output devices are peripherals that receive machine understandable output in the form of binary code from the processor and convert it into user understandable form. The following are the output devices:
Monitor
As we have already studied in the previous classes that "a device, on which images are generated by the computer's video adapter is known as monitor". Here the monitor is connected by the video adaptor by a cable. Basically monitor contains two types of screen, color screen and monochromic screen. Monitor that generally displays 256 colors from a selections of 256,000 choices are called color screen whereas the monitor which displays only a single color is known as monochrome which display any multimedia object or text graphics in a single color usually black, white, green or amber. (See Figure 6.1.10)
Display devices
A number of display devices are available, which generally vary from one to the other on the basis of several key factors, may be their physical design or a display technology.
These display devices are commonly categorized as:
Input Device
Input devices are peripherals which are used to give instructions to computer.
The following are the various types of input devices:
Introducing Computer Programming
Computer programs are set of instructions that enable a computer to interact with the user, peripherals and information. These instructions are written in a language called computer programming language. The process of writing computer programs is called computer programming. While writing a program using a computer programming language, such as C, you need to follow the syntax of that language. A programming language also provides operators that enable you to perform various tasks, such as computing and manipulating values of variables, compare values of different variables of same data types and test multiple conditions.
Developing Flowchart
Flowchart is a technique that allows you to represent computer program graphically. Using flowchart you can easily understand the logic of a program. A flowchart represents the logical and operational steps to be performed within the system for transforming the input process into output. Flowchart serves as a basis for discussion and communication between the system analysts and the programmers.
To create a flowchart, you need to use the following symbols
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