Current Affairs 8th Class

Category : 8th Class

Blood Relation

Learning Objectives

• Introduction
• Understanding of some relations
• Relations from one generation to next
• Types of questions

Introduction

Blood relation means a biological relation. Remember a wife and husband are not biologically related but they are biological parents of their own children. Similarly, brother, sister, paternal grandfather, paternal grandmother, maternal grandfather, maternal grandmother, grandson, grandmother, niece, cousin etc. are our blood relatives.

Let's understand some relations:

• Mother's or father's son = Brother
• Mother's or father's daughter = Sister
• Mother's or father's brother = Uncle
• Mother's or father's sister = Aunt
• Mother's or father's father = Grandfather
• Mother's or father's mother = Grandmother
• Son's wife = Daughter-in-Law
• Daughter's husband = Son-in-Law
• Husband's or wife's sister = Sister-in-Law
• Husband's or wife's brother = Brother-in-Law
• Brother's son = Nephew
• Brother's daughter = Niece
• Uncle or aunt's son or daughter = Cousin
• Sister's husband = Brother-in-Law
• Brother's wife = Sister-in-Law
• Grandson's or Granddaughter's daughter = Great grand daughter

There are mainly two types of blood relations:

(i) Blood relation from paternal side

(ii) Blood relation from maternal side

Relations of Paternal side

• Father's father \[\to \]               Grandfather
• Father's mother     \[\to \]               Grandmother
• Father's brother    \[\to \]               Uncle
• Father's sister     \[\to \]               Aunt
• Children of uncle \[\to \]                 Cousin
• Wife of uncle     \[\to \]               Aunt
• Children of aunt \[\to \]                 Cousin
• Husband of aunt    \[\to \]               Uncle

Relations of Maternal Side

• Mother's father                        \[\to \]    Maternal grandfather
• Mother's mother                       \[\to \]    Maternal grandmother
• Mother's brother                       \[\to \]    Maternal uncle
• Mother's sister                         \[\to \]    Aunt
• Children of maternal uncle \[\to \]    Cousin
• Wife of maternal uncle             \[\to \]    Maternal aunt

Relations from one generation to next

Generation I:       Grandfather, grandmother, maternal grandfather, maternal grandmother

\[\downarrow \]

Generation II: Mother, father, uncle, aunt, maternal uncle, maternal aunt

\[\downarrow \]

Generation III:       Self, sister, sister-in-law, brother, brother-in-law

(Present Generation)                           \[\downarrow \]

Generation IV: Son, daughter, nephew, niece

Types of questions

Various types of questions can be asked on blood relations.

• Type 1

In these types of questions, a family tree or a relationship chart is required to be drawn I from the information given in the questions.

• Example

Pointing towards a person in a photograph, Raman said, "She is the only daughter of the mother of my brother's sister." How is the person related to Raman?

(a) Uncle

(b) Nephew's

(c) Mother

(d) Sister

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: The mother of Raman's brother's sister is the mother of Raman and only daughter of Raman's mother means Raman's sister. Hence, the person is related as sister to Raman.

Commonly Asked Questions

• Ujjawal said to a man, pointing to a photo that "His mother is the wife of the son of my father. I have neither a brother nor a sister." On the basis of above whose photo is that?

(a) Cousin brother

(b) Nephew's

(c) Son's

(d) Uncle's

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: The photo belongs to his son. Since Ujjawal has neither a brother nor a sister, so he is the only son of his father. So, the photo belongs to his son, because his mother is his wife.

• Shalini's mother is the only daughter of Surya's father. How Surya is related to Shalini?

(a) Brother                     (b) Father

(c) Maternal-uncle           (d) Inadequate information

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: The only daughter of Surya's father is Shalini's mother, thus Surya and Shalini’s mother are brother and sister. So, Surya is the maternal-uncle of Shalini.

Type 2

In such question, relation between some persons is given in the form of a passage. Such type of questions can be solved by reading the passage carefully. Interpret each word carefully to get the correct answer. Drawing a relationship chart becomes useful in such questions.

• Example

Read the following statements carefully and answer the questions given below:

Sunil has two sons 'X' and ‘y’ and a daughter 'Z'. Ajay has two sons 'A' and 'B' and daughter 'C'. 'A' is married to 'Z' and they have two sons 'J' and 'K'. Narendra has a son 'P' and a daughter 'Q'. 'Q' is married to T and they have two daughters 'F' and 'G' and a son 'H'.

(i)   How is 'Y' related to 'P'?

(a) Son                          (b) Uncle

(c) Brother-in-law            (d) Brother

(e) None of these

(ii)   How is ‘J’ related to 'C'?

(a) Nephew                    (b) Brother

(c) Uncle                        (d) Grandfather

(e) None of these

(iii) How is 'F' related to 'K'?

(a) Father                       (b) Cousin

(c) Husband                   (d) Uncle

(e) None of these

Explanation: The given information can be summarised in the relationship chart as shown below:

(i) (c) 'Q' is the wife of T and sister of 'P1. So, T is the brother - in - law of his wife's (Q) brother 'P'.

(ii) (a) 'A' is the father of T and brother of 'C'. So, T is the nephew of his father's (a) sister 'C'.

(iii) (b) 'Y' and 'Z' are brother and sister respectively. 'F' is the daughter of T and 'K' is the son of 'Z', hence they are cousins.

Commonly Asked Questions

• Read the following statements and answer the questions given below:

Prakash, Rajan, Sukriti, Vikas, Shilpi and Nitin are the members of a family. Out of these two ladies - One is mother and another is daughter. Nitin is the brother of Sukriti. Prakash is the brother of the husband of Shilpi. Vikas is the father-in-law of Shilpi and Grandfather of Sukriti. Prakash is unmarried.

(i)   How is Nitin related to Rajan?

(a) Son                          (b) Father-in-law

(c) Father                       (d) Uncle

(e) None of these

(ii)   What is the relation between Shilpi and Sukriti?

(a) Mother-daughter         (b) Mother and Sister-in-law

(c) Sisters                       (d) Mother and Daughter-in-law

(e) None of these

(iii) How are Prakash and Nitin related?

(a) Uncle - nephew          (b) Father- son                     

(c) Father - Son-in-law     (d) Nephew-uncle              

(e) None of these

(iv) How is Rajan related to Shilpi?

(a) Son                          (b) Father-in-law

(c) Husband                   (d) Brother

(e) None of these

Explanation: A relationship chart can be drawn on the basis of given information:

(i) (a) From the relationship chart, it is clear that Rajan is the father of Nitin.

So, Nitin is son of Rajan.

(ii) (a) Shilpi and Sukriti are mother and daughter. Shilpi is the mother and

Sukriti is the daughter.

(iii) (a) Prakash is the uncle of Nitin.

(iv) (c) Rajan is the husband of Shilpi.

Type 3

In such questions, the relationships between two people are represented by symbols like +, -,\[\div \], \[\times \], etc.

Once again, to solve such problems, it is advisable to read them carefully and draw a relationship chart.

• Example

If M + N means 'M' is the brother of 'N', M - N means 'M' is the sister of 'N8, M \[\times \] N means 'M' is the mother of 'N' and M - N means 'M' is father of 'N', then which of the following would mean 'E' is the Paternal Aunt of 'F'?

(a) \[E-G\div F\]              (b) \[E+G~\times F\]

(c) \[E\times F-G\]           (d) \[F~\times G+E\]

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

E - G means 'E' is the sister of 'G' and G \[\div \] F means 'G' is the father of F. Thus, E - G \[\div \] F means 'E' is the Paternal Aunt of 'F'.

Commonly Asked Questions

• If A \[\div \] B means 'A' is the father of 'B', \[\mathbf{A}\times \mathbf{B}\] means 'A' is the mother of 'B', A + B means 'A' is the sister of 'B' and A - B means 'A' is the grandfather of 'B', then which of the following would mean 'M' is the grandson of 'N'?

(a) \[\text{M-O+N}\]                

(b) \[\text{N }\!\!\times\!\!\text{ O }\!\!\div\!\!\text{ M}\]

(c) \[\text{N }\!\!\div\!\!\text{ O }\!\!\div\!\!\text{ M}\]                   

(d) Data inadequate

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation;

N \[\div \] O means 'N' is the father of 'O' and O \[\div \] M means 'O' is the father of M. Thus, N \[\div \] O \[\div \] M means 'M' is the grandson of 'N'.