question_answer 10)

How are involuntary action and reflex action different from each other?

Answer:

Involuntary action (i)    Involuntary action involves autonomic nervous system. (ii)    They occur in response to internal stimuli, (iii)    They are connected with functioning of internal body parts. (iv)    It occurs without the will of the organism. For example, heart beat, breathing,            etc. (v)    These are regulated by medulla oblongata (hind brain). Reflex action (i)    Reflex action involves all parts of voluntary nervous system though they are not          voluntary, (ii)    They operate against harmful stimuli which are generally external. (iii)    They are connected with emergency i.e., response to stimuli. (iv)    Some reflexes involve the brain, rather than the spinal cord. (v)    Reflex is generally controlled by spinal cord.