question_answer 75)

  Give the basic features of the mechanism of inheritance.

Answer:

                    Inheritance is the transmission of genetically controlled characteristic (traits) from one generation to the next. The basic features of mechanism of inheritance are following (i) Characters are controlled by genes. Each gene control called allele one character. (ii) There may be two or more forms of a gene. One form may be dominant while other is recessive. (iii) Genes are present on chromosomes. (iv) Each parent possesses a pair of genes for each characteristic on a chromosomes. (v) When a male gamete fuses with the female gamete during fertilization, they make a new cell called zygote with a full set of genes. This zygote carries characteristics of both the parents which are inherited through the genes. (vi) The offsprings inherit two genes (or a pair of genes) for each trait from its parents characters. The trait shown by the offsprings in first of enation dominant.