question_answer 13)

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.   (i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.   (ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.   (iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?   (iv) What are the biotic and biotic resources? Give some examples.  

Answer:

(i) The three states having black soil are Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra.   The crops, which are mainly grown in it, are cotton, Tobacco and Sugarcane.   (ii) Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern coast.   Three main features of this type of soil are —   (a) It is very fertile.   (b) It is a transported soil.   (c) The soil contains adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime.    (iii) Following steps should be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas   (a) Afforestation The best way to conserve soil is to increase the area under forests.   (b) Terracing and Contour Bunding Terracing and contour bunding across the hill slope is very effective and one of the oldest methods of soil conservation.   (c) Restricted Grazing of Animals Animals should be moved over different pastures so as to avoid erosion of soil.   (d) Plugging of gullies to prevent gully erosion.   (iv) Biotic Resources "All resources which are obtained from the biosphere and have life are known as biotic resources". Thus, forests and their products, crops, animals, birds, marine life, etc are biotic resources.   (v) Abiotic Resources "All resources which are non-living, are called abiotic resources." Examples of these are mineral ores, petroleum, etc.