Answer:
(b)
The number of orbitals involved in hybridisation can be determined by the
application of formula :
\[H=\frac{1}{2}[V+M-C+A]\]
where H =
number of orbitals involved in hybridisation
V =
valence electrons of central atom
M =
number of monovalent atoms linked with
central
atom
C =
charge on the cation
A =
charge on the anion
\[NO_{2}^{+}:\,\,\,\,\,\,\,H=\frac{1}{2}[5+0-1+0]=2\,\,\,sp\]
\[NO_{3}^{-}:\,\,\,\,\,\,\,H=\frac{1}{2}[5+0-0+1]=3\,\,s{{p}^{2}}\]
\[NH_{4}^{+}:\,\,\,\,\,\,\,H=\frac{1}{2}[5+4-1+0]=4\,\,s{{p}^{3}}\]
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