Answer:
Animals that have had their DNA manipulated
to possess and express an extra (foreign)gene are known as transgenic animals.
Following are the four main areas where
they can be utilized
(i)To
Study Normal Physiology and Development
These animals can be used to study that which
factor/gene products are needed at what time of development. By the expression of
certain genes, they help scientists to understand the normal gene expression at
various stages of growth and development.
(ii) Study of Diseases
Transgenic animals can be created to
serve as models for various human diseases. They also help us to understand the
involvement of various genes in diseases like cancer ,Parkinson' disease etc.
(iii) Vaccine Safety
Transgenic animals can be used to test
vaccines like polio vaccine. Transgenicmice have shown promising results in
this area and would replace the vaccine testing on monkeys in the years to
come.
(iv) Chemical Safety Testing
Transgenic animals are created which are
more sensitive to certain chemicals/drugs.
These are used to study the
toxicity or side effects of that chemical/drug. The advantage is that we get
results faster.
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