question_answer 53)

  Define transformation in Griffith's experiment. Discuss how it helps in the identification of DNA as the genetic material.

Answer:

                    In Griffith's experiment, transformation can be defined as a change in the genetic constitution of an organism by picking out up DNA from the environment (from dead organisms). Transformation helps in identification of DNA as a genetic material. When heat was used to kill the virulent bacteria, they died but not their genetic material (DNA). This DNA when picked up by non-virulent bacteria made them capable of causing infection. Since, ability (q cause infection could be passed on by these organisms to their progeny, it was concluded that DNAwas the material that was inherited.