Answer:
Chromosomal determination of sex in human beings is of XX-XY
type. Human beings have 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.
The female possess two homomorphic (= isomorphic) sex chromosomes, named XX. The
males contain two heteromorphic sex chromosomes, i.e., XY. All the ova
formed by female are similar in their chromosome type (22 + X). Therefore,
females are homogametic. The male gametes or sperms produced by human males are
of two types, gynosperms (22 + X) and androsperms (22 + Y). Human males are
therefore, heterogametic. Sex of the offspring is determined at the time of
fertilization. Fertilization of the egg (22 + X) with a gynosperm (22 + X) will
produce a female child (44 + XX) while fertilization with an androsperm (22 +
Y) gives rise to male child (44 + XY). As the two types of sperms are produced
in equal proportions, there are equal chances of getting a male or female child
in a particular mating. As Y-chromosomes determines the male sex of the
individual, it is also called androsome.
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