Answer:
Refer
to the structure (I) of glucose given on page 14/6. The -OH group present on
the terminal carbon atom (i.e., ) is called
the I" hydroxyl group while all the four remaining OH groups present on and are called 2° hydroxyl groups.
1° Hydroxyl groups are easily oxidised to give carboxylic acids but 2° hydroxyl
groups undergo oxidation only under drastic conditions. For example, glucose on
oxidation with gives a
dicarboxylic acid, saccharic acid having the same number of carbon atoms as
glucose. This indicates that glucose contains one 1° hydroxyl group while the
remaining four are 2° hydroxyl groups.
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