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Why did President Allende address himself mainly to workers? Why were the rich unhappy with him?
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Did the army have any legal right to arrest the Defence Minister of the country? Should the army have the power to arrest any citizen?
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Locate and shade Chile on the map, which state in our country has a shape similar to Chile?
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President Michelle Bachelet addressing her supporters after her victory in the presidential election in January 2006. From this photograph do you notice any difference between an election rally in Chile and in India?
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Poland is famous for its poster art. Most of the posters of solidarity carried this special way of writing 'Solidarnose'. Can you find similar examples of poster art on wall writing in Indian politics?
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Locate Poland on the map. Write down the names of the Countries that surround it.
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Which other East European countries were ruled by the communist parties in the 1980s? Shade them on the map.
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Make a list of political activities that you could not have done in Poland in 1980s but you can do in our country.
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Anita made a list of the features of all the governments that we have discussed so far. But somehow the list got mixed up. Now the has a list of many features but she does not remember which feature applies to which government. Can you help her by writing the correct feature under the name of the government in the table below?
Remember, some of these features may apply to more than one government and would need to be written separately under each these
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On the basis of these maps identify up to three countries (in some cases you won't find three countries) that were democratic in there continents for the given years and make a table as given below.
Year
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Africa
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Asia
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Europe
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Latin America
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1950
1975
2000
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|
|
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(i) Identify some countries from map 1.1 that became democratic between 1900 and 1950.
(ii) Identify some countries from map 1.1 and 1.2 that were democratic in 1950 and 1975.
(iii) Identify some European countries from map 1.2 and 1.3 that were democratic in 1975 and 2000.
(iv) Identify some countries in Latin America that became democratic after 1975.
(v) Make a list of big countries that were not democratic in 2000.
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Looking at these maps (given in Q. 1), which period do you find most important in the expansion of democracy? Why?
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Why was an independent trade union so important in Poland? Why are trade unions necessary?
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Why were women given voting rights much later than men in most countries? Why did this not happen in India?
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Locate Ghana in an atlas and then spot it in the three maps in the previous section. Was Ghana a democracy in 2000?
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Do you think it is good to elect someone President for life? Or is it better to hold regular elections after every few years?
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Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park in Accra, the capital of Ghana. This park was commissioned in 1992, twenty years after Nkrumah passed away. What might have caused this delay?
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This cartoon appeared in 2005, when Aung San Suu Kyi turned 60. What is the cartoonist saying here? Will the army rulers feel happy with this cartoon?
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What should be the policy of the Government of India towards the military rulers of Myanmar?
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Locate Myanmar on an atlas. Which Indian states border this country?
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Write a short essay on the life of Aung San Suu Kyi.
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Should there be a World Government? If yes, who should elect it? And what powers should it have?
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This cartoon was published in Mexico in 2005 and was titles 'International Games'?
(i) Which game is the cartoonist talking about here?
(ii) What does the ball symbolise?
(iii) Who are the players?
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Should the permanent members of the UN be given the power to veto?
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Find out more about the history and various organs of the United Nations.
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Wolfouritz was a senior official in the Department of Defense in the US (commonly called the Pentagon). He was an aggressive supporter of the invasion of Iraq.
The cartoon continents on his appointment as the president of the World Bank.
What does the cartoon tells us about the relationship between the World Bank and the US?
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Here are some suggestions to strengthen world democracy. Do you support these changes? Are these changes likely to happen? Give your reasons for each of these.
1. More nations should become permanent members of the Security Council.
2. UN General Assembly should become like a world Parliament with representatives from each country in proportion to the population of the country. These representatives should elect a World Government.
3. Individual countries should not have armies. The UN should maintain task forces to bring about peace in case of conflict between nations.
4. A UN President should be elected' directly by all the people of the world.
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The cartoon 'Cactus of Democracy' was published in 2004. What does the cactus look like here? Who is gifting it, and to Whom ? What is the message?
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Collect information on the debate related to Iraq within f the US and the UK. What were the reasons originally offered for the Iraq invasion by the President of the US and the Prime Minister of UK? What were the reasons offered after the war?
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The example of Iraq raises some basic questions that we need to think about
1. Is this the right way to promote democracy? Should a democratic country wage a war and invade other countries for establishing democracy there?
2. Does external help work in every case? Or does it work only when the people of a nation are actively engaged in a struggle to make their societies democratic?
3. Even if external intervention leads to the establishment of democracy in a country, would it last long? Would it enjoy the support of its citizens?
4. Finally, is the use of external force to gift democracy to the people in keeping with the spirit of democracy?
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'Helping Democracy' was a comment on the presence of US forces during the elections in Iraq. Do you think the cartoon can apply to many other situations? Identify some examples from this chapter which this cartoon can help understand.
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Which of the following does not lead to the spread of democracy?
(a) Struggle by the people
(b) Invasion by foreign countries
(c) End of colonialism
(d) People's desire for freedom
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Which of the following statement is true about today's world?
(a) Monarchy as a form of government has vanished
(b) The relationship between different countries has become more democratic than ever before
(c) In more and more countries rulers are being elected by the people
(d) There are no more military dictators in the world
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Use one of the following statements to complete the sentence: Democracy in the international organisations requires that
(a) the rich countries should have a greater say
(b) countries should have a say according to their military power
(c) countries should be treated with respect in proportion to their population
(d) All countries in the world should be treated equally
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Based on the information given in this chapter, match the following countries and path democracy has taken in that country.
Country
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Path to Democracy
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(a) Chile
(b) Nepal
(c) Poland
(d) Ghana
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(i) Freedom from British colonial rule
(ii) End of military dictatorship
(iii) End of one party rule
(iv) King agreed to give up his powers
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What are the difficulties people face in a non-democratic country? Give answers drawing from the examples given in this Chapter.
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Which freedoms are usually taken away when a democracy is overthrown by the military?
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Which of the following positions can contribute to democracy at the global level? Give reasons for your answer in each case.
(a) My country gives more money to international institutions. Therefore, I want to be treated with more respect and exercise more power.
(b) My country may be small or poor. But my voice must be heard with equal respect, because these decisions will affect my country.
(c) Wealthy nations will have a greater say in international affairs. They cannot let their interests suffer just because they are outnumbered by poor nations.
(d) Big countries like India must have a greater say in international organisations.
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Here are three opinions heard in a television debate on the struggle for democracy in Nepal. Which of these do you agree with and why?
Guest 1 India is a democracy. Therefore, the Indian Government must support the people of Nepal who are struggling against monarchy and for democracy.
Guest 2 That is a dangerous argument. We would be in the same position as the US was in Iraq. Remember, no outside force can promote democracy.
Guest 3 But why should we bother about the internal affairs of another country? We should be worried about our business interests there, not about democracy.
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In an imaginary country called Happyland, the people overthrew the foreign ruler and brought back the old royal family.
They said: "After all their ancestors were cur kings before foreigners starred ruling us. It is good that we have one strong ruler, who can help us become rich and powerful". When someone talked about democracy the wise men said it is a foreign idea. Their struggle was to throw the foreigners and their, ideas out of the country. When someone demanded freedom for the media, the elders thought that too much criticism of the ruler would not help them improve their living standards. "After all, the king is so kind and interested in the Welfare of all the subjects. Why create problems for him. Don't we all I want to be happy? "
After reading the above passage, Chaman, Champa and Chandru made the following observations:
Chaman Happyland is a democratic country because people were
able to throw out the foreign rulers and bring back the king.
Champa Happyland is not a democratic country because people cannot criticise the ruler. The king may be nice and may provide economic prosperity, but a king cannot give a democratic rule.
Chandru What people need is happiness. So they are willing to allow their new ruler to take decisions for them. If people are happy it must be a democracy.
What is your opinion about each of these statements? What do you think about the form of government in this country?
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