Answer:
(a) Saprotrophic Fungi are multicellular organisms
whose mode of nutrition is saprotrophic, or saprobic. They absorb nutrients
from dead plant and animal matter, excreta, etc. By releasing digestive enzymes
in them.
Some fungi are parasitic and cause diseases. Ringworm is a
skin infection caused by a fungus, while smut is a fungal crop disease. Some
fungi, are mutualistic or symbiotic.
They absorb nutrients from their partners and help them
too, e.g., certain fungi associated with algae, (lichens).
(b) Chitin Fungi are achlorophyllous, heterotrophic
and eukaryotic organisms. Their cell wall is made up of rough, complex sugar
called chitin, or fungal cellulose.
(c) Lichens Some fungal species live in permanent
mutually dependent relationships with blue-green algae (or cynobacteria). Such
relationships are called symbiotic and these symbiotic life forms includes
lichens.
(d) Carbohydrate Chitin is a modified polysaccharide that
contains nitrogen. Chitin may be described as cellulose with one hydroxyl group
on each monomer, chemically known as N-acetyl glucose mine,
(e) Species A species is one of the basic units of
biological classification and a taxonomic rank. It includes minimum number of
organisms with maximum number of similar characters.
(f) Thallophyta Plants without well differentiated
stem, root and leaf are kept in Thallophyta.
(g) Bryophytes Bryophytes are called amphibians of
plant kingdom as they can survive on both land and water.
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