1st Class EVS Food We Eat

       Healthy and Nutritious Food

A healthy, nutritious and balance food is one that helps to maintain and improve our health. We need to take healthy and nutritious food to keep our body safe from diseases and for having a good life. The components of healthy and nutritious food are:

1. Carbohydrates                        

2. Fats                         

3. Proteins                 

4. Minerals

5. Vitamins                                              

6. Water                      

7. Roughage

 

These components are also the necessary elements for the growth of our body.

They are found in little or in more quantity in all eatables, like rice, wheat, pulses, maize, vegetables, honey, milk, meat, fish, etc. This is the reason these foods are considered as healthy and nutritious.

 

Let us see the pictures of healthy and nutritious foods:

    

 

 

    Which one of the following statements is a false statement?

(a) Protein is one of the components of healthy food

(b) Fat is one of the components of healthy food

(c) Water is not necessary for our body

(d) Vitamins is necessary for our body

 

Answer: (c)

Explanation 

Option (C) is correct because, water is necessary for our body,

Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

 

 

  Healthy food is important for the growth of our_____.

(a) Only hand                                                     (b) Body

(c) Only fingers                                                 (d) only ears

 

Answer: (b)

Explanation

Option (B) is correct because healthy food contains all the nutrients required for the growth of our body. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

      Food Containing Roughage

• Roughage is the coarse or rough material of food.
• It provides fiber to diet and helps indigestion.
• Foods, which contain roughage are grains, cereals like wheat, barley and bran.
• The eatable skins of most fruits and vegetables are roughage.
• It also helps in retaining water in the body.

 

     Let us see pictures of some foods containing roughage:  

        

Note: Mile, Eggs, Cheese, Butter, Ghee, Meats and Fishes contain zero roughage.  

 

 

 

   Which one of the following is the source of roughage?

(a) Ghee                                                              (b) Cheese

(c) Meat                                                               (d) Apple

 

Answer: (d)

Explanation 

Option (D) is correct because, apple contains roughage. The skin of apple is eatable and fruits with eatable skin contain roughage. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect

 

    Roughage is also called_____.

(a) Fiber                                                               (b) Steel

(c) Soil                                                                   (d) Plastic

 

Answer: (a)

Explanation

Option (A) is correct because roughage is also called fiber. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

      Junk or Fast Food

Given below are the properties of junk or fast food:

• These foods are easy to make and easy to consume.
• They are unhealthy and have low or poor nutritional value.
• They contain high level of fats, salt or sugar.
• They contain very little or no fruits, vegetables or roughage.

 

Junk food includes eatables, such as soft drinks, hamburgers, hot dogs, ice cream, cake, French fries, noodles, chocolate, and other confectionery, pizza, cookies etc. Let us see the picture of some fast food:

                       

 

 

  Which one of the following statements is true?

(a) Junk foods are highly nutritious

(b) Junk foods contain no fats

(c) Junk foods contain large amount of fruits

(d) Junk foods are unhealthy

 

Answer: (d)

Explanation

Option (D) is correct because, junk foods are unhealthy. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

 

 

  Which one of the following is the example of junk food?

(a) Rice                                                (b) Potato

(c) Noodles                                        (d) Apple

 

Answer: (C)

Explanation

Option (C) is correct because noodles is the example of Junk foods.

Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

        Cereals

Cereals are a kind of grass producing starchy grains, used as food. This grains are in the form of seeds.

 

rice, wheat, oats, corns, etc.  

       Let us see the pictures of cereals given below:  

                                          

 

 

  ___________ is a cereal.

(a) Rice                                                                 (b) Potato

(c) Capsicum                                                      (d) Cabbage

 

Answer: (a)

Explanation

Option (A) is correct. Rest of the options is incorrect because they all are vegetables.

 

 

  Read the following statements carefully and find out the correct one.

(a) Grapes are cereals                                    (b) Mango is a cereal

(c) Carrot is a cereal                                        (d) Wheat is a cereal

 

Answer: (d)

Explanation

Option (D) is correct because, wheat is a cereal. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect because they all are false statements. Grapes, mango and carrots are fruits.

      Pulses

• Pulses are dry seeds.
• Pulses of grams, lentil, kidney bean. Pigeon pea, etc. are staple food items.
• Pulses contain proteins that increase the nutritional value of our food.

 

   Let us see the pictures of pulses:

     

 

 

  Which one of the following food items are eaten with pulses?

(a) Rice                                                                 (b) Biscuits

(c) Ice – cream                                                  (d) Sweets

 

Answer: (a)

Explanation

Option (A) is correct because rice is a cereal and pulse is a staple food with cereals. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

 

  Read the following statements carefully and find out the correct one.

(a) Rice is a pulse                                              (b) Oat is a pulse

(c) Pigeon pea is a pulse                                  (d) Wheat is a pulse

 

Answer: (c)

Explanation

Option (C) is correct because Pigeon pea is a pulse. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect, because they all are false statements. In fact, rice, oat and wheat are cereals.

       Meat

• Meat is the flesh of animals and birds used as one of our food items.
• It contains proteins and fats that are essential for our body.
• Meat containing foods are called non-vegetarian foods.

 

Meat producing creatures are goat, sheep, pig, chicken, lamb, etc.  

     Let us see some meat producing creatures:

                                                            

 

 

 

  Which one of the following is used for the production of meat?

(a) Millet                                                              (b) Rice

(c) Maize                                                             (d) Goat

 

Answer: (d)

Explanation

Option (D) is correct because goat is an animal and an animal's flesh is called meat. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.

 

 

  Which one of the following is not a true statement?

(a) Sheep produces meat                             (b) Chicken produces meat

(c) Millet produces meat                              (d) Pig produces meat

 

Answer: (c)

Explanation

Option (C) is correct because millet is a cereal and a cereal is a vegetarian food item. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect. In fact we get meat from sheep, chicken and pig.

    FISH

Fish is also a non-vegetarian food, as it is a water animal.

Fish contains good amount of proteins and fats.

 

     Let us see the fishes in the picture given below.

 

 

  Which one of the following is non-vegetarian food?

(a) Rice and vegetables                                 (b) Chapati and Vegetables

(c) Mutton and fish                                         (d) Rice and Pulse

 

Answers: (C)

Explanation

Option (C) is correct because, rest of the options are the examples of vegetarian food.

 

 

  Which one of the following is the picture of non-vegetarian food?

(a)                                        (b)

(c)                                          (d)

 

Answer: (b)

Explanation

Option (B) is correct because, this is a picture of fishes and a fish is a non-vegetarian food item. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect because, these all are vegetables.

 

 

• Sunlight is best sources of vitamin D.
• Microorganism like lactobacillus is useful to us.

 

 

• Healthy foods have high nutritious value, which maintain and improve our health.
• Healthy food makes us strong to fight diseases.
• Roughage are coarse or rough ingredients of food items. They are also called fiber.
• Junk foods are categorized as ready to eat food items. They can be prepared very quickly.
• Junk foods contain very little or no roughage.
• Junk foods are not nutritious and are very harmful for our body if eaten regularly.
• Cereals are our staple food. These are rice, wheat, oat, corn, millet, maize, barn etc.
• Cereals contain roughage.
• Fruits with eatable skins contain roughage.
• Pulses are staple food, taken with rice and wheat bread.
• Pulses contain proteins that increase their nutritious value.
• Meat and fishes are non-vegetarian foods.
• Meat are the animal's flesh and fish is a water animal.
• Meat and fish contain high amounts of proteins that is necessary for our body.