Plants and Animals Around Us
Category : 2nd Class
Plants and Animals Around Us
Plants
Plants are the living things it can make their own food but cannot move. Plants grow in the soil. They need water, air and sunlight for preparing their food.
Classification of Plants on the Basis of Their Length
Plants are divided into the following categories:
Trees
Trees are big plants. They have hard and strong stems. For example, banyan and mango tree.
Banyan tree Mango tree
Shrubs
Shrubs are small plants. They have many hard branches which grow close to the ground. For example, rose and hibiscus plant.
Rose Plant Hibiscus Plant
Herbs
Herbs are very small plants. They have soft stems. For example, mint, basil.
Mint Plant Basil Plant
Climbers
Climbers are the plants with weak stems. They need some support to stand straight. For example, grapevine and pea plant.
Grapevine Plant Pea Plant
Creepers
Creepers are the plants which have week stem and grow along the ground.
Pumpkin Watermelon
Classification of Plants on the Basis of Their Location
Water Plants
There are some plants that grow in water only.
Lotus Plant Water lily plant
Desert plants
There are some plants that grow in deserts.
Cactus Plant Opuntia Plant
Plants as Our Friends
Plants give us food
Most of our food is given by plants. We eat different parts of plants.
Seeds: Rice, wheat, corn, etc.
Roots: Carrot, turnip, radish and sweet potato.
Stems: Sugarcane grows above the ground but potato and ginger grow under the ground.
Leaves: Coriander, mint, lettuce, spinach and cabbage.
Fruits: Mango, pear, banana, apple, etc.
Flowers: Cauliflower, rose. Jasmine, broccoli, etc.
Plants give us wood
Plants give us fibre
Fibre from the cotton plant is used to make cloth. Fibre from the jute plant is used to make cloth, sacks, ropes and mats.
Plants give us medicine
We make medicines like penicillin and quinine from plants. Tulsi leaves are used to treat common cold and cough.
Sweet-smelling flowers like jasmine and rose are used to make perfumes.
Plants give us other things
Paper is made from bamboo.
Gum is made from the keekar tree.
Rubber is made from the rubber tree.
Animals
Animals are the living things that can move, breathe, eat food and grow. Animals are broadly divided into following categories:
Domestic Animals
Some people keep animals at home. Animals are called pets.
Some animals are kept in a farm. They are called farm animals. For example, cows, buffaloes, sheep’s, hens and ducks.
Pet animals and farm animals together are called domestic animals.
Wild Animals
Some animals live in the jungle. They are called wild animals. For example, lions, elephants, tigers, zebras, giraffe, etc.
Animals help us
Animals help us in many ways. We get many things from them. Some animals give us food. For example, cow and goat give us milk. Some gives us fibre for our clothes. For example, sheep gives us wool.
Some animals make our work easy. Bullocks plough our fields. Elephants, camels, horses and donkeys carry loads for us.
Food of Animals
Some animals are plant-eaters. Cows, goats, deer and camels eat grass, leaves and green plants.
Some animals are flesh-eaters. Lions, tigers and leopards eat the flesh of other animals.
Some animals eat both plants and other animals. Bear, crow eat both plants and other animals.
Some animals eat the flesh of dead animals. Vultures, wild dogs and hyenas are such animals. This way they help to keep the jungle clean.
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