Food, Shelter and Clothes
Category : 2nd Class
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This chapter will help you to:
Historical Preview:
In early times the early man used to eat raw food. Later on they produced fire by rubbing two rocks. It was after this that they started cooking their food.
QUICK CONCEPT REVIEW
We cannot live without food, clothes and shelter. These are the basic necessities of life. Food gives us energy to work and play. We eat different types of food. Some food comes from plants and some from animals. Let us discuss about different types of food.
Amazing Facts
Strawberries and Cashews are the only fruits that have their seeds on the outside unlike all other fruits which have their seeds inside.
1. ENERGY GIVING FOOD
Energy giving food gives us energy to work and play. For example rice, wheat, bread give us energy. These contain carbohydrates
2. BODY BUILDING FOOD
Body building food helps in building our body. For example Meat, milk, fish, cheese etc.
3. PROTECTS FOOD
Protective food are the food which protects us from diseases. For example: fruits and vegetables. All type of food should be eaten in proper amount. Food which contains all the nutrients in equal amount is known as balanced diet.
FOOD FROM PLANTS
We get fruits and vegetables from plants. We eat afferent parts of plants as food. For example: we eat the pool of radish, carrot, turnip, etc. We eat the stem of many plants as vegetables such as onion, potato, ginger. We eat the leaves of many plants like spinach, mint, and coriander. We eat flower of cauliflower, brocolli etc.
FOOD RFOM ANIMALS
Animals such as cow, buffaloes, camel and goats give us milk. Milk is used to produce cheese, curd, sweets etc. Animals also give us meat and egg. We get honey from honeybee.
Do you know?
Mango is know as the ‘King of fruits’. More than 1000 varieties of mangoes are grown in India.
SHELTER (HOUSE)
A house is a place where we live together. It is a place where we eat, sleep and relax. It is a shelter which protects us from heat, rain cold and other weather condition.
DIFFRENT KINDS OF HOUSES
Early man did not live in houses. They lived in caves or on trees. Today people live in many different kinds of houses. Let us discuss them in detail.
1. Kutcha House: Houses made up of mud, straw bamboo stick etc are known as Kutcha houses. These houses are not very strong. People who live in villages, live in Kutcha house. For example: A hut is a kutcha house.
2. Pukka House: Strong houses made up of bricks, cement, steel and mortar are called pukka house. For example: Flats, bungalows, apartments are the examples of pukka houses. People who live in cities, 'live in Pukka houses. These houses are also known as permanent houses.
SPECIAL KINDS OF HOUSES
There are many special kinds of houses that are found in particular area. The different kinds of houses depend upon the climate of the place and material available to build the house. Igloo: These houses are present in snow. These houses are made up of block of ice. Eskimos live in igloo.
People who do not stay in one place live in Caravans and tents that can move from one place to another. Such type of houses are called temporary houses.
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Caravan: These are the houses on wheels. These houses can be moved from place to place.
Tent: A tent is made up of canvas and can be folded easily. These houses are used in forest, desert and camps.
KEEPING THE HOUSE CLEAN
We should keep our house clean. A clean house is free from diseases.
DECORATION OF HOUSE
People decorate their house to make them look nice. They do so in many ways. They decorate homes by making rangoli which is made of colours and flowers. People hang paintings on the wall of their house.
All members of the family should help to keep the house neat and clean. They also keep wind chimes and flowers in their home.
CLOTHES
People wear a variety of clothes of different materials, colours, designs. Main factors that determine what people wear are: the climate of the place; the culture and tradition; the latest fashion and trends. In India, people living in villages generally wear traditional clothes.
In cities men wear shirts and trousers, t-shirts and jeans, where as women wear salwar-kameez, saris, skirts and tops, t-shirts and jeans and dresses.
CLOTHES WE WEAR
Clothes can be worn in different ways, either stitched or unstitched. A fabric or textile can be cut and stitched to make clothes. A cloth that is not stitched is an unstitched cloth.
UNSITICHED CLOTHES
1. Saree: In India women mostly wear sarees. A saree is a long unstitched fabric that women wrap around themselves in different styles. .
2. Lungi and dhoti: Men also wear unstitched clothes in the form of lungis.
3. Dupatta: A dupatta is a long unstitched cloth which is worn by women to cover their heads.
3. Shawl: A shawl is an unstitched piece of cloth that is usually woollen. It is worn by both men and women, especially in winter.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLOTHES
The clothes that we wear vary due to lot of factors. Some of the factors are climate we live in, the occasion we are attending and the profession we are working in.
CLOTHES ACCORDING TO CLIMATE
We use to wear clothes according to the climate of a place.
1. In summer, we wear mostly light coloured cotton clothes because they absorb sweat and keep us cool.
2. In winter, we wear dark coloured clothes made of wool. Woollen clothes trap the body heat and keep us warm.
Winter clothes
CLOTHES ACCORDING TO OCCASION
School uniform Sportswear Party dress Night dress for different occasions we wear different kinds of clothes. We wear special clothes on different festivals. The clothes we wear at home and school are not the same.
CLOTHES ACCORDING TO PROFESSION
People in certain profession wear uniform. A uniform helps us to identify the profession of a person. For example we can identify a policeman, a doctor and a lawyer by their uniform.
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