Types of Plants
Category : 2nd Class
Types of Plants
In general, there are about 350,000 plant species. Therefore, their classification is very difficult. Some plants grow on land, whereas some grow in water. We can differentiate plants on the basis of their habitat as well as on their structure.
Classification of Plants on the Basis of their Habitat
1. Terrestrial
2. Aquatic
Terrestrial Plants
Plants, which grow on the land are called terrestrial plants. Structure of terrestrial plants are well defined to survive on different types of soil on the land. Some plants whose leaves are pointed like a niddle grow in sandy soil.
Look at the following picture of some terrestrial plants:
Papaya tree Mango tree Apple tree Orange tree
Aquatic Plants
Plants which grow in water are called aquatic plants. Some aquatic plants float in water, whereas some are not. The plants, which float in water are called floating plants. Plants, those do not float in water are called fixed plants.
Look at the following picture of some aquatic plants:
Water lily Lotus Dwarf hygrophilla Bonsal
Classification of Plants on the Basis of their Structure
Mosses Plants
These are tiny plants having equally tiny leaves and no flower bearing capacity.
They do not have roots like other plants, but, they have thin structure that holds them down. They don't have seeds, but they have spores.
Look at the following picture of mosses plant:
Grasses
They can be identified by their distinct leaves, narrow slender and usually long size. They may or may not bear flowers. Their roots are in the form of clump.
Look at the following picture of grass plant:
Dicots and Monocots
All type of plants like big plants, shrubs or bushes, climbers and creepers come under the category of dicot and monocot plants. Some of them have flowers. These type of plants have leaves of different shapes, sizes and colours. Different types of dicot and monocot plants are given below.
Big Plants
Features of the big plants:
They are tall.
They are voluminous.
They are called trees.
They have stronger and thicker stems in comparison to the other plants.
Look at the following picture of the big plants:
They are used for flavor & scent.
They have medicinal value.
They are used for cooking.
They are used for spiritual purposes.
Look at the following picture of a herbal plants (Basil or Tulsi):
Shrubs or Bushes
They are smaller than trees.
They are woody plants.
They have a short stem and lower heights.
They can be flowering and non-flowering both.
They can also be herbs like basil or Tulsi plant.
Look at the following pictures of shrubs:
Barberry Bamboo palm Sunflower plant Rose plant
Creeper Plants
They creep along the soil surface and spread over a long distance.
They can also grow along the top of the compound wall or as a cover for walls.
They can be grown indoor and outdoor both.
They can be flowering and non-flowering both.
Look at the following picture of some creeper plants:
Money plant Cucumber plant Watermelon plant Blue bell plant
Climber Plants
Climber plants have very soft and weak stem.
In order to reach Sun light they climb up some support with some special organ.
They grow only with a support.
For support to climb they can rely on another plant, a wall or anything else.
They can be both flowering and non-flowering.
See the following picture of some climber plants:
Milky Beans plant Hedera plant Jasmine plant
Which one of the following is creeper plant?
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Answer: (d)
Explanations
The picture which is given in the option D is a creeper plant. Therefore, option (D) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.
Rose plant is a :
(a) Shrub
(b) Herb
(c) Tree
(d) Climber
Answer: (a)
Explanation
Rose plant is a shrub. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.
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