9th Class Computers Science Types of Computer Languages Mnemonic

           Mnemonic Mnemonic word comes from the Greek mnemonikos which refers to the mind. Basically it is a special word that is used to help a person remember some thing. Many mnemonics also take the form of acronyms. Basically mnemonics are verbal, such as a very short poem or a special word.              Compiler vs. Linker Linker is a program that combines the one or more object which is generated by compiler into a single executable program. They are also useful to convert object code into executable code. Compiler is system software that executes the computer program and converts it into machine language. It also debugs syntax error and run time error.              Compiler vs. Interpreter Compiler is system software that executes the computer program and converts it into machine language. Compilers are widely used in translating code of high-level languages, such as C. It provides faster execution speed. Interpreter is a type of translator that translates the program line by line. It is very slow for executing large programs. Hence, interpreters are not suitable for most of the applications development.              Generation of Languages                   First Generation Languages (1 GL) Basically first generation languages are low level languages that consists machine language. This language is directly processed by microprocessor. There is no need to any translator.                   Second Generation Languages (2 GL) It is also a low level language that consists of assembly language. This language is not directly processed by microprocessor. A translator namely Assembler converts it into machine language. That machine code is directly understood by microprocessor.                   Third Generation Language (3GL) Basically third generation languages are high level language. It is a type of advanced computer programming language, such as FORTRAN, C, Prolog and PASCAL. They support OOP concept and helps in development of large programs.                   Fourth Generation Language (4GL) These kinds of languages are easy to write computer program. They are similar to English language statements. This kind of languages is used in data base programming and scripts. ABAP, SAS, Visual FoxPro and Uniface are the some well known languages that are categorized in 4GL.                   Fifth Generation Language (5GL) Visual Basic is the best example of fifth generation languages SG- such as Mercury is mainly used in aircraft intelligence research.       Mnemonic is a special word that is used to help a person remember something. Mnemonic word comes from the Greek word ............... which refers to the mind.  (A) Mnemonikoes                                          (B) Mnemonikose (C) Mnemonekos                                            (D) Mnemonikos (E) None of these   Answer: (D)   Explanation Correct Option: (D) Mnemonic word comes from the Greek mnemonikos which refers to the mind. Incorrect Options: Rest of the options is incorrect.     .............. is a program that combines the one or more object which is generated by compiler into a single executable program. (A) Assembler                                                   (B) Interpreter (C) Linker                                                             (D) All of these (E) None of these Answer: (C)   Explanation Correct Option : (C) Linker is a program that combines the one or more object which is generated by compiler into a single executable program. They are also useful to convert object code into executable code. Incorrect Options : (A) Assembler is a translator that converts assembly language into machine language. (B) Interpreter is also a translator.     Visual Basic is the best example of fifth generation languages. ABAP is an example of..................... (A) 2GL                                                                 (B) 3GL (C) 4GL                                                                 (D) 5GL (E) None of these   Answer: (D) Explanation Correct Option: (D) ABAP is an example of fourth generation language. Incorrect Options: Rest of the options is incorrect.   v  1GL is directly processed by microprocessor. v  ORACLE is a RDBMS (Relation Data Base Management).   v  Compiler: Is system software that provides faster execution speed. v  Assembly language: Is also called 2GL. This language is not directly processed by microprocessor. v  Mnemonic: Is a special word that is used to help a person remember some thing   v  Machine language is sometime called native code. v  The assembly language is also called 2GL. This language is not directly processed by microprocessor. v  Linker is a program that combines the one or more object which is generated by compiler into a single executable program. v  Third generation languages are high level languages. v  4GL is used in data base programming and scripts. v  The MASM (Microsoft Assembler Program) and TASM (Borland Turbo Assembler Program) are two popular assemblers. v  Mnemonic word comes from the Greek mnemonikos which refers to the mind. v  5GL such as Mercury is mainly used in aircraft intelligence research.                  Abbreviations COBOL:      ..............        Common Business-Oriented Language OOP:          ..............        Object Oriented Programming S  MASM:     ..............        Microsoft Assembler Program TASM:       ..............         Borland Turbo assembler program