9th Class Social Science Introduction to Disaster Risk Management Introduction to Disaster Magagement (with Project Work)

Introduction to Disaster Management

1.            Need for introducing project work in Social Science was being felt for quite some time. There is a need to have projects to enhance students' understanding of different concepts, principles provided in the subject. This also introduces an alternative node of learning in classrooms with a purpose to create students' interest in the abject and enabling them to express their viewpoints.

This year in Class IX also, students are required to take up Disaster Management as part of the project.

Preparation of Project Work

2.            At the end of the stipulated term, each student will prepare and submit his/her reject report. The following requirements are to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission.

•             The total length of the project report will not be more than 15-20 written pages of full scape size (A-4).
•            The project report will be handwritten and credit will be awarded to original drawings, illustrations and creative use of materials.
•            Students should discuss the topic with their concerned teachers and prepare a draft before finalising the report.
•             The project report will be presented in a neatly bound simple folder.
•            The project report will be developed and presented in the following order:

(a) Cover page: Student's name, roll no., school's name, year and the title of the project.

(b) Content: It will contain all the subtopics of the presentation.

(c) Acknowledgements: To the institution, teachers, libraries, places visited and the persons who helped them in preparing the project.

(d) Chapters: These would be having relevant headings.

(e) Bibliography: It should acknowledge any website with specific weblink, books, their pages referred, author and publisher.

Allocation of Marks

List of Suggested Projects

Project-1: becoming A disaster manager

•            Definition of Hazard
•            Natural Hazard and Human-made Hazard
•           Definition of Disaster
•           Common Features of a Disaster
•           Any two examples with pictures
•          Types of Disasters:

•            How does a hazard become a disaster? 
•            Definition of vulnerability and risk with examples.
•            Define Disaster Management. 
•            Different Phases of Disaster Management

Response and Relief

(ii) Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

(iii) Mitigation

(iv) Preparedness 

•                      Aim: To know the meaning of disaster, hazard, preparedness, risk management and disaster mitigation.

Project-2: specific hazards and mitigation

•                      Significance of Mitigation
•                      Mitigation's value to society:

(i) Floods: Meaning, warning and mitigation (with illustrations)

Mitigation Strategies

(a)Structural Mitigation: Watershed management, reservoirs, buildings on elevated areas, natural water retention basins and flood control measures.

(b) Non-structural Mitigation: Mapping of flood plains, land-use control, flood forecasting and warning.

(ii) Cyclones: Meaning and warning (with illustrations).

Mitigation Strategies

(a) Structural Mitigation: Multi-purpose cyclone shelters, engineered structures, protection against winds, coastal belt plantation and construction of roads.

(b) Non-structural Mitigation: Hazard mapping, land-use control designed so that least critical activities are placed in vulnerable areas and cyclone forecasting and warning.

(iii) Earthquakes: Meaning and warning with some illustrations and an earthquake zone map of India.

Mitigation Strategies

(a)Structural Mitigation: Engineered structures, architectural and engineering inputs, soil type must be analysed before construction.

(b) Non-structural Mitigation Measures: Enforcing building codes, building plan has to be checked by the municipality, public awareness.

(iv) Landslides: Meaning and warning with suitable pictures showing the effects of landslides.

Mitigation Strategies

Structural Mitigation: Drainage corrections, engineered structures and increasing vegetation cover.

(b) Non-structural Mitigation: Includes hazard mapping, land-use practices such as preserving existing natural vegetation and awareness generation.

Structural Mitigation: Revival of traditional water-harvesting structures and construction water-harvesting structures.

(b) Non-structural Mitigation: Drought monitoring, drought awareness programmers, land-use planning, livelihood planning and crop insurance.

•             Aim: To prepare school against any disaster and reduce its impact.

Project-3: preventing common human-induced disasters

•                     Human-made Disasters

(i) Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)

(ii) Nuclear accidents

(iii) How can we protect ourselves from nuclear radiation and attacks?

(iv) Chemical and industrial accidents

(v) Impacts and elements at risk (Give examples with suitable pictures.)

(vi) Mitigation strategies: 

(a) Hazard mapping

(b) Land-use planning

(c) Community preparedness

(vii) How can we prevent and prepare for chemical disasters?

•                       Biological Disaster

(i) How do we protect ourselves from biological disasters?

(ii) Do's and Don'ts of biological disasters.  

Project-4: community planning FOR disaster management

•                       Why should the community be at the heart of any disaster management initiative?

(i) Since community is at the site of the disaster, it is the first one to respond to it.

(ii) Source of maximum information.

(iii) Local coping mechanism.

(iv) Self-help is in self-interest.

•             Village Disaster Management Plan
•           How the village school supported in the initiative of preparing Village Disaster Management Plan
•            Role of Village Disaster Management Committee
•           Teams of Village Disaster Management Committee       

(i) Early warning and communication team

(ii) Evacuation and temporary shelter management team

(iii) Search and rescue team

(iv) Health and first-aid team

(v) Relief coordination team

(vi) Water and sanitation team.

 Institutions that help providing sector wise training to the team of VDMC.

•            How would mock-drill be implemented in the village?
•            This is how Disaster Preparedness and Response Plan can be executed,
•           When a disaster strikes, a school should become a temporary shelter for the victims. Teachers and students can carry out search and rescue or first-aid as an initial response. The members of Disaster Management Club can practically provide immediate relief to those who suffered, devastating losses during the disaster.