question_answer

Seema's school decided to create awareness among people about the chronic diseases of heart. Such kind of disorder or diseases have become very prevalent in recent years. Being the student head of the programme Seema is asked to make an outline of various diseases for reference.            Read the above passage and answer the following questions (a) Enlist some of the diseases that Seema will include in the programme. (b) What values were shown by Seema?

Answer:

                (a) Some of the disorders related to the cardio-vascular system in human beings are (i) Hypertension It is commonly called as high blood pressure. It is a condition when blood pressure of a person remains higher than the normal value over a long period of time. High blood pressure can harm three vital organs- kidneys, heart and brain. (ii) Atherosclerosis It involves the deposition of lipids (mainly cholesterol derivatives) called plaques on the inner coronary arteries. This reduces the amount of blood supplies the heart muscles. (iii) Arteriosclerosis It refers to the hardening of arteries due to certain depositions and thickening. The flexibility and lumen size of arteries get reduced. (iv) Heart   Attack   In   atherosclerosis   or arteriosclerosis or in coronary thrombosis, the size of the lumen of coronary artery is reduced very much. The blood passes through these arteries with difficulty and cause severe pain. Under this situation the heart muscles are not supplied with an adequate amount of oxygen. This results in the death of some of the cardiac muscles. This is called heart attack. (v) Heart block The mechanical injury or damage to heart due to some disease may sometimes result into heart block. Usually the condition is corrected within a few seconds. If the condition take a longer time to be normalised, it may be life threatening.         (4) (b) The values shown by Seema are awareness, ready for taking initiative and responsible.                                                        (1)