Answer:
The
production of electric current due to relative motion between a conductor and a
magnetic field is called electro- magnetic induction. Electric current
produced due to this phenomena is called induced current. This was discovered
by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry. (1)
The direction of induced current can be reversed by reversing the
direction of magnetic field. If the coil as well as the magnet are stationary,
no current is induced in the coil. (1)
The two types of electromagnetic induction are
(i) Self Induction When the current flowing through a coil
changes, then the current is induced in the coil in self (as shown in figure).
This phenomena is called self induction. (1 /2)
(ii ) Mutual Induction Another way to induce current in a
coil is by the process of mutual induction. A current-carrying coil called primary
coil is placed close to a secondary coil (as shown in figure).
Primary coil Secondary coil (as shown in figure).
When the current in primary coil is switched on, it takes
a little time to rise from zero to a maximum value. This causes a momentary
change in the magnetic field around this coil and hence induces a momentary
current in the secondary coil. The same happens in reverse direction when the
current in primary coil is switched off. (1)
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