question_answer

     Describe horizontal and vertical power sharing in modern democracies.   Or Explain any two forms of power sharing in modern democracies.          Or Explain how power is shared in modern democracies.               Or Describe any three forms of power sharing in modern democracies with examples.  

Answer:

                  In modem democracies, power sharing arrangements can take many forms. The most common forms are (i) Horizontal Power Sharing When power is shared among different organs of government, such as the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. It allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers. This arrangement is called a system of checks and balances because each organ checks others to balance power. (ii) Vertical Power Sharing When power is shared among different levels of government like Central Government, State Government, Municipality and Panchayat level. In India, we have Central or Union Government,  State Governments and local governments like Municipalities and Panchayats. (iii) Power may also be shared among different social groups like women, weaker sections of society, etc through constitutional and legal arrangements.