Answer:
(i) Advertisement of the product:
Advertisements make products appear desirable and necessary. They try to shape
the minds of people and create new needs. During the Industrial age,
advertisements played a major role in expanding the markets for products.
(ii) Putting labels on the cloth
bundles: The label was needed to make the place of manufacture and the name of
the company familiar to the buyers. When buyers saw 'MADE IN MANCHESTER'
written in bold on a label, they would feel confident about buying the cloth.
(iii) Images of Indian Gods and
Goddesses: It was as if association with Gods gave divine approval to the goods
being sold. Images of Krishna or Saraswati was intended to make the manufacture
from a foreign land appear somewhat familiar to the Indian people.
(iv) Printing calendars to popularize
their products: Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by
people who could not read.
They were hung in the tea shops and in
poor people's homes, just as much as in offices and middle class houses.
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