Answer:
When
unemployment is hidden even if you move a few people out, production will not
be affected.
(i) Rural areas: A small farmer Laxmi owns
about 2 hectares of unirrigated land dependent only on rain and growing crops
like jowar and arhar. All five members of her family work in the farm
throughout the year. Everyone is working, none remains idle, but in actual fact
their labour effort gets divided. Each one is doing some work but no one is fully
employed. This is a situation of underemployment.
(ii) Urban areas: Underemployment can also happen
in other sectors. There are thousands of casual workers in the service sector,
in urban areas, whose arch for daily employment. They are employed as painters,
plumbers, repair persons and others doing odd jobs. Many of them don't find
work every day. There are people pushing carts or selling something where they
spend the whole day but earn very little. They are doing this work because they
do not have better opportunities.
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