Answer:
(i) In London there were
about 20,000 criminals in the 1870's.
(ii) The
police were worried about the law and order situation.
(iii)
So the population of criminals was counted, their activities were watched and
their ways of life were investigated.
(iv)
In mid 19th century, Henry Mathew wrote several articles on the London labour
and those who made their living from crime.
(v)
Many criminals were poor, who lived by stealing lead from roofs, food from
shops, lumps of coal and clothes drying on the hedges.
(vi)
There were cheats and tricksters, pickpocketers and petty thieves, crowding the
streets of London.
(vii) In an
attempt to discipline the population, the authorities imposed high penalties
for crime and offered work to those, who were considered the 'deserving poor'.
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