Answer:
(i)
City's development everywhere occurred at the expense of ecology and the
environment.
(ii) Natural features were flattened out or
transformed in response to the growing demand for space for factories, housing
and other institutions.
(iii) Large quantities of refuse and waste
products polluted air and water, while excessive noise became a feature of
urban life.
(iv) Wide spread use of coal in homes and
industries in 19th century England raised serious problems.
(v) In industrial cities, hundreds
of factory chimneys spewed black smoke into the skies.
(vi) People joked that most inhabitants of
these cities grew up believing that the skies were grey and all vegetation was
black.
(vii) Shopkeepers and home owners
complained about black fog that descended on their towns, causing bad tempers,
smoke-related illnesses and dirty clothes.
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