Answer:
Both
India and East Africa were under the control and dominance of the European
colonial powers with similar intentions and objectives. In both places, the pastoral
communities lost the pasture land because the colonial powers took control of
these pastures and brought them under cultivation.
Both in India and East Africa, forest laws were made and the pastoralists
were not permitted to use the forests for grazing or taking out forest produce.
The two examples are as follows
(i) The mobility of the pastoralists was severely
restricted whereby fodder was in short supply and feeding the cattle became a
persistent problem. Many of them were thereby forced to give up their old mode
of occupation.
(ii) Both in India and Africa, grazing tax was imposed on the
pastoralists. All these created a lot of hardship for the pastoral communities
of India and Africa.
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