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question_answer1) What is meant by 'deforestation'?
question_answer2) Which commercial crops were grown by British after deforestation?
question_answer3) Why were forests considered unproductive by the British?
question_answer4) How could English ships be built without a regular supply of strong and durable timber?
question_answer5) How spread of railways created a new demand for timber?
question_answer6) Who was the first Inspector General of Forests in India?
question_answer7) Name the forest Institute of Dehradun set up in 1906 by Brandis.
question_answer8) What does 'Scientific Forestry' mean?
question_answer9) Name the three categories of forests as mentioned in the Act of 1878.
question_answer10) Which species of trees were promoted for the building of ships or railways?
question_answer11) From which fruit was oil extracted for cooking and lighting lamps?
question_answer12) What was the use of a dried scooped out gourd?
question_answer13) What was the effect of Forest Act on the people living nearby?
question_answer14) What do you mean by Swidden Agriculture?
question_answer15) What kind of mixture of crops were grown in these plots of forests?
question_answer16) How did new forest laws affect the hunter forest dwellers?
question_answer17) How many tigers were killed by British administrator George Yule?
question_answer18) Give one example of a community which had left their traditional occupations and started trading in forest products.
question_answer19) What kind of products did nomadic communities of India like Banjaras trade in?
question_answer20) What were 'Criminal tribes' forced to do by the British?
question_answer21) Which tribes of India were recruited to work on tea plantations?
question_answer22) Name the river which flows across Bastar from east to west.
question_answer23) Name the communities living in Bastar.
question_answer24) Where is Bastar located?
question_answer25) If people from a village of Bastar want to take wood from the forest of another village, what would they do?
question_answer26) Who were 'forest villager'?
question_answer27) Name the leader who rebelled against the British.
question_answer28) Where is Java located?
question_answer29) Which colonial power ruled over Indonesia?
question_answer30) Which community of Java were skilled forest cutters and shifting cultivators?
question_answer31) What restrictions were imposed by the Dutch in Java forest laws?
question_answer32) Who was Swrontiko Samin?
question_answer33) What was 'A Scorched Earth Policy'?
question_answer34) What are the various uses of forests in our day-to-day lives?
question_answer35) What were the main causes of deforestation in India during the British rule?
question_answer36) How were forests cleared to expand the railway network in India in the early 19th century?
question_answer37) State any three main characteristics of Tropical deciduous forests.
question_answer38) What circumstances led to the foundation of 'scientific forestry' by the German expert Dietrich Brandis?
question_answer39) What do you know about Scientific Forestry?
question_answer40) How were forests classified on the basis of the Forest Act, 1878?
question_answer41) How did Forest Acts affect the villagers?
question_answer42) How did hunting become a big sport for the Indian people?
question_answer43) In what ways did the British regulate forest trade?
question_answer44) How did Indian labour suffer at the British hands in the plantations?
question_answer45) What were the main causes of the revolt of Bastar?
question_answer46) How did the British suppress the revolt of Bastar?
question_answer47) Give a brief description about the woodcutter community of Java?the Kalangs.
question_answer48) How were forest laws enacted in Java?
question_answer49) What was the Blandongdiensten system?
question_answer50) What do you know about Samin's challenge?
question_answer51) What was the impact of World Wars on the forests? Or The First World War and the Second World War had major impact on forests. Explain this statement with reference to India and Java.
question_answer52) What was the effect of laying down of railway lines on forests?
question_answer53) Why did the British appoint the first Inspector General of Forests in India?
question_answer54) How forest dwellers' lives changed after new forest laws were imposed?
question_answer55) How were people benefitted with the trade in forest products?
question_answer56) Where is Bastar located?
question_answer57) Which tribes live in Bastar?
question_answer58) What is shifting cultivation? Why did the Europeans decide to ban it?
question_answer59) Give a brief account of the people of Bastar.
question_answer60) Describe the events that led to the revolt in Bastar against the British.
question_answer61) How was forest conservation carried out by the Asian and African countries later on?
question_answer62) How were forest products used by the villagers in their day-to-day lives?
question_answer63) What kind of life is led by the tribals of Bastar?
question_answer64) Explain any five ways in which the lives of the villagers were affected by the Forest Acts.
question_answer65) Explain some of the common customs and beliefs of the Bastar people.
question_answer66) Explain any five causes of deforestation in India under the colonial rule.
question_answer67) Deforestation means (a) disappearance of forests (b) plantation of forests (c) covering of forests (d) none of these
question_answer68) Oak forests in England were used for (a) making furniture (b) building railway tracks (c) shipbuilding (d) building houses
question_answer69) British needed forests in India to (a) increase cultivation (b) hide from their enemies (c) provide a settlement for Indian tribes (d) build ships and railways
question_answer70) 'Sweden agriculture' in Sri Lanka is called (a) Milpa (b) Chena (c) Tavy (d) Lading
question_answer71) A 'cluster of villages' in Bastar was called a (a) Dand (b) Pargana (c) Kanu (d) Maria
question_answer72) 'Peepal' trees belong to which one of the following types of forest? (a) Tropical evergreen forests (b) Tropical moist deciduous forests (c) Thorn forests (d) Tropical dry deciduous forests
question_answer73) When was the Indian Forest Service set up?
question_answer74) How much India's landmass was under cultivation in 1600?
question_answer75) Which Act was passed in 1865?
question_answer76) What do you mean by deforestation?
question_answer77) Where was the Imperial Forest Research Institute set up in 1906?
question_answer78) How many tigers were killed between 1875-1925?
question_answer79) Which colonial power ruled Java?
question_answer80) Where is Bastar located?
question_answer81) Which country occupied Indonesia during the Second World War?
question_answer82) Between 1700 to 1995, how much area of forest cover in the World's area was cleared for industrial uses, cultivation, pastures and fuel wood?
question_answer83) Which Forest Act divided forest into three categories, viz reserved, protected and village forests?
question_answer84) How many sleepers were required for each mile of railway track?
question_answer85) What is scientific forestry?
question_answer86) Who was the community of skilled forests cutters and shifting cultivators in Java?
question_answer87) Who was the leader of rebel foresters in Andhra Pradesh?
question_answer88) Which species of trees are suited for building ships and railways?
question_answer89) From which tree, latex can be collected?
question_answer90) Where the Blandongdiensten System was introduced?
question_answer91) What is the local name of shifting cultivation of South-East Asia?
question_answer92) Name some Indian communities who live in Bastar.
question_answer93) Who was the leader of the Forest Revolt in Bastar?
question_answer94) For which product is Java famous?
question_answer95) Who was the first Inspector-General of forests in India?
question_answer96) Which transport system was most essential for colonial trade and movement of goods?
question_answer97) How was Siadi creeper used for?
question_answer98) Which trees were promoted for building ships or railways by the colonial government?
question_answer99) What were the wooden planks laid down across railway tracks to hold tracks in a position called?
question_answer100) Which forest community of Central India sent a petition against stopping of shifting cultivation in 1892?
question_answer101) Which river flows across Bastar from East to West?
question_answer102) Name the forest which the Dhurwars were associated with.
question_answer103) If you were in the Government of India in 1862, responsible for supplying the railways with sleepers and fuel on such a large scale, what were the steps you would have taken?
question_answer104) Explain any four ideas of Dietrich Brandis for the management of forests in India during the British period. Or Who was Dietrich Brandis? Explain his achievement in India.
question_answer105) Why are the forests affected by wars?
question_answer106) What is forestry?
question_answer107) Under colonial rule , why did the scale of hunting increase to such an extent that various species became almost extinct?
question_answer108) (a) Why were railways essential for the Colonial Government? (b) "The ship industry of England was also responsible for deforestation in India". Give one reason.
question_answer109) Who were the Kalangs? Mention any four characteristics of this community.
question_answer110) Why did the Colonial Government start commercial forestry in India? Give any three reasons.
question_answer111) The people of Bastar believe that each village was given its land by the Earth and in return, they look after the Earth by making some offerings at each agricultural festival. In addition to the Earth, they show respect to the spirits of the river, the forest and the mountain. Since each village knows where its boundaries lie, the local people look after all the natural resources within that boundary. Read the above passage and answer the following questions (a) What are some of the beliefs regarding nature of the communities of Bastar? (b) What values do you imbibe from the above passage?
question_answer112) What new developments have occurred in forestry in Asia and Africa in recent times?
question_answer113) Describe in brief the Saminist Movement of Indonesia.
question_answer114) What are the local names of shifting cultivation in South East Asia, Central America and Sri Lanka? Describe any three features of shifting cultivation.
question_answer115) What were the defects of 'Scientific Forestry' technique? Or Describe the defects in the techniques of 'Scientific Forestry'.
question_answer116) In 1882, 280000 sleepers were exported from Java alone. However, all this required labour to cut the trees, transport the logs and prepare the sleepers. The Dutch first imposed rents on land being cultivated in the forest and then exempted some villages from these rents if they worked collectively to provide free labour and buffaloes for cutting and transporting timber. This was known as the Blandongdiensten System. Read the above passage and answer the following questions (a) What are the three main features of Blandongdiensten System? (b) What lesson/values do you learn from this cruel system?
question_answer117) Explain any five reasons for the expansion of cultivation by the colonial rulers in India.
question_answer118) Have there been changes in forest areas where you live? Find out what these changes are and why they have happened.
question_answer119) Discuss how the changes in forest management in the colonial period affected the following groups of people. (a) Shifting Cultivators (b) Nomadic and Pastoralist Communities (c) Firms Trading in Timber/Forest Produce (d) Plantation Owners (e) Kings/British Officials Engaged in Shikar
question_answer120) What were the similarities between colonial management of the forests in Bastar and Java?
question_answer121) Between 1880 and 1920, forest cover in the Indian sub-continent declined by 9.7 million hectare, from 108.6 million hectare to 98.9 million hectare. Discuss the role of the following factors in this decline. (a) Railways (b) Ship Building (c) Agricultural Expansion (d) Commercial Farming of Trees (e) Tea/Coffee Plantations (f) Adivasis and Other Peasant Users
question_answer122) How did the Forest Act affect the lives of foresters and villagers? Or How did Forest Act mean severe hardship for villagers across the country? Explain.
question_answer123) 'The introduction of railway had an adverse impact on the forests'. Justify by giving examples.
question_answer124) (a) 'Forest are the National Wealth'. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples. (b) What values/lesson do you learn from this given statement?
question_answer125) Why is it necessary to increase the areas under forests? Give five important reasons.
question_answer126) How did commercial farming led to a decline in forests cover during colonial period?
question_answer127) How did the British exploit the forests resource of India for their economic development?
question_answer128) Describe the new occupations adopted by people when forest department took control of the forests. Or How did the British bring change in the trade of forest products? What were the effects of these changes? Or Explain how did the lives of forest-dwellers change after the forest department took over control of the forests? Mention any five points.
question_answer129) Why did the people of Bastar rise in revolt against the British? Explain. Or How did the people of Bastar react against the British forest policies? What were its consequences?
question_answer130) Name at least six items around you which come from forests.
question_answer131) In which parts is Swidden agriculture practised?
question_answer132) Each mile of railway track required between 1760 and 2000 sleepers. If one average sized tree yields 3 to 5 sleepers for a 3 metre wide broad gauge track, calculate approximately how many trees would have to be cut to lay one mile of track.
question_answer133) Write a dialogue between a Colonial Forester and an Adivasi discussing the issue of hunting in the forest.
question_answer134) What is the local name of 'Madhuca Indica?
question_answer135) In which year did the Bastar rebellion take place?
question_answer136) Which decade witnessed rapid expansion of the railways network in India?
question_answer137) Point out Bastar District in Chhattisgarh. Write down the name of the states which share common borders with it.
question_answer138) When was the Indian Forest Service set up?
question_answer139) How much India's landmass was under cultivation in 1600?
question_answer140) Which Act was passed in 1865?
question_answer141) What do you mean by deforestation?
question_answer142) Where was the Imperial Forest Research Institute set up in 1906?
question_answer143) How many tigers were killed between 1875-1925?
question_answer144) Which colonial power ruled Java?
question_answer145) Where is Bastar located?
question_answer146) Which country occupied Indonesia during the Second World War?
question_answer147) Between 1700 to 1995, how much area of forest cover in the World's area was cleared for industrial uses, cultivation, pastures and fuel wood?
question_answer148) Which Forest Act divided forest into three categories, viz reserved, protected and village forests?
question_answer149) How many sleepers were required for each mile of railway track?
question_answer150) What is scientific forestry?
question_answer151) Who was the community of skilled forests cutters and shifting cultivators in Java?
question_answer152) Who was the leader of rebel foresters in Andhra Pradesh?
question_answer153) Which species of trees are suited for building ships and railways?
question_answer154) From which tree, latex can be collected?
question_answer155) Where the Blandongdiensten System was introduced?
question_answer156) What is the local name of shifting cultivation of South-East Asia?
question_answer157) Name some Indian communities who live in Bastar.
question_answer158) Who was the leader of the Forest Revolt in Bastar?
question_answer159) For which product is Java famous?
question_answer160) Who was the first Inspector-General of forests in India?
question_answer161) Which transport system was most essential for colonial trade and movement of goods?
question_answer162) How was Siadi creeper used for?
question_answer163) Which trees were promoted for building ships or railways by the colonial government?
question_answer164) What were the wooden planks laid down across railway tracks to hold tracks in a position called?
question_answer165) Which forest community of Central India sent a petition against stopping of shifting cultivation in 1892?
question_answer166) Which river flows across Bastar from East to West?
question_answer167) Name the forest which the Dhurwars were associated with.
question_answer168) There are many tribes living in India. Visit any one of them and give a brief on the life led by the tribals.
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