JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations Question Bank De Moivre's theorem and Roots of unity

  • question_answer
    If \[\frac{1}{x}+x=2\cos \theta ,\] then \[{{x}^{n}}+\frac{1}{{{x}^{n}}}\] is equal to [UPSEAT 2001]

    A) \[2\cos n\theta \]

    B) \[2\sin n\theta \]

    C) \[\cos n\,\theta \]

    D) \[\sin \,n\theta \]

    Correct Answer: A

    Solution :

    \[x+\frac{1}{x}=2\cos \theta \] Þ \[{{x}^{2}}-2x\cos \theta +1=0\]  Þ \[x=\cos \theta \pm i\sin \theta \] Þ \[{{x}^{n}}=\cos n\theta \pm i\sin n\theta \] Þ \[\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{\cos \theta \pm i\sin \theta }\] Þ \[\frac{1}{x}=\cos \theta \mp i\sin \theta \]      Þ \[\frac{1}{{{x}^{n}}}=\cos n\theta \mp i\sin n\theta \] Thus, \[{{x}^{n}}+\frac{1}{{{x}^{n}}}=2\cos n\theta \].


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