Answer:
For I Part
Refer to Ans. 4 (1 Mark) and Ans. 13 (3 Marks).
For II Part
Indirectly these developments helped the people of the colonies.
When the French built canals and irrigation projects, natives got employment. Thousands of hectares of land was irrigated, production increased, surplus products were exported to international market.
Though the schools were set up to make the Vietnamese loyal to the French and orient them to French styles ? it brought new ideas which helped them fight imperialists.
Many roads and communication lines were built by the French connecting Vietnam not only with the places within the country but also with other countries like China and Thailand.
These helped transport of goods for trade and communication system of the country.
Plantation and cultivation improved, Vietnam became the largest exporter of rice in 1931.
With improvement of economy, the standard of living of the people improved. There was demand of non-consumer goods which resulted in the expansion of market leading to more profit for the French. In all these developments the idea of the French was to benefit themselves and make more profit. But in directly some benefits did reach the common people of the country.
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