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Read the passage given below and
answer the questions that follow. (8)
Irradiation is the treatment of
food with energy from gamma rays, x-rays or electrons for aspecific purpose. It
offers advantages to the producer, processor, retailer and consumer by preventing
food losses after harvesting and assures quality and safety of the food
consumed.
At very low doses, it inhibits
re-growth or sprouting of stored potatoes, onions, garlic; delays ripening and
over-ripening of fruits and substitutes chemical fumigants used to
controlinsects and pests in stored foods like rice, wheat flour, sooji, pulses,
gramflour, dry fruits,nuts, spices and dry fish.
At higher doses, irradiation pasteurizes
or retards spoilage of meat, poultry and seafood by killing the bacteria
causing spoilage of these foods and ensures food safety by destroying food-borne
pathogenic bacteria.
At still higher doses, it can
improve the quality and microbial safety of spices and dried herbs. The
incidence of food-borne gastro-intestinal infections has increased in recent
years even incountries like North America and Europe. Irradiation is now widely
considered the mosteffective technology to prevent such diseases.
Answer the following
questions, (1
x 8 = 8)
(i) What is irradiation?
(ii) What advantages does it
offer?
(iii) How does it ensure food
safety?
(iv) What does it do in low
doses?
(v) What does it do in higher
doses?
(vi) How does it offer
advantages to the producer and consumer?
(vii) Which incidence has
increased recently and where?
(viii) How are these diseases
prevented?
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Read the passage given below
and answer the questions that follow. (12)
It is probable that illness and
infection caused by food contaminated with bacteria which produce diseases have
existed since the beginning of time. Drinking water can be made safe by
treating itwith chlorine. Milk can be made safe by heating it and then packing
it in the sterilized containers.
But it is either very difficult
or simply not possible to treat most of the things we eat, in either of these
ways. Many food items, such as jam, pickles, drinks, etc. can be made safe by
the use of preservatives. At homes, refrigerators are used to keep meals,
fruits, etc., either to prevent bacteria from entering the food, or to stop
them from growing after they have entered.
For a long time, it was believed
that some substances called ptomaine's were the agents of food poisoning but it
was finally discovered that these ptomaine's, found in rotten food, can be
swallowed without the harmful effects that follow it. In 1888, about 60 people,
who had eaten meat from the same animal, were taken ill, and one man had died.
Dr Gaertner, a German bacteriologist, was ableto isolate the food poisoning
bacteria (Salmonella) which had caused the outbreak; and put forward the theory
that all food poisoning was due to the presence of such bacteria.
Food poisoning can prove fatal
in many cases. What we can do is that we must be alert while taking food. We
must also take care of hygiene.
A. Answer the following
questions. (2
x 4 = 8)
(i) How can food be made safe to
eat?
(ii) What was the belief held
about ptomaine's?
(iii) How can food poisoning be
prevented?
(iv) What conclusion did Dr Gaertner
bring out?
B. Tick the correct
option. (1
x 4 = 4)
(i) According to the passage
which one of the following statements is not true?
(a) Illness and infection are
caused by contaminated food
(b) Food is contaminated by
bacteria which produces diseases
(c) Food contamination is a new
problem that people are facing
(d) Chlorine is used to clean
drinking water
(ii) Drinking water can be made
safe by
(a) treating it with
chlorine (b) boiling
(c) keeping it in
refrigerator (d) covering it
(iii) Salmonella is a
(a) virus (b)
good bacteria
(c) food poisoning
bacteria (d) worm
(iv) For a long time,..........
were considered agents of food poisoning.
(a)
Salmonella (b) Ptomaine's
(c)
Lactobacillus (d) Good bacteria
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You are Reeva. You happened to
see the following news item in the newspaper about the popularity of Indian
Handicrafts abroad. But you are unhappy about the lack of recognition given to
the artisans bythe governments. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper
about the difficulties they face and thesteps to be taken to solve their
problems. Using the information given below, write the letter in notmore than
100-120 words. (5)
Indian Handicrafts sought after
New Delhi: India Handicrafts
ageing great demand in the US, Europe and the gulf countries. The artisans
feeltheir products are not given the required publicity. Further the products
are brought from them at very lowprices by the middlemen and sold later at high
prices abroad. They hope that the government would dosomething in this regard.
Or
You are Aakash/Anu, a senior
secondary school teacher. Though the internet opens up a world of knowledge,
you are worried about its effect on teenagers. As a mark of caution, you decide
to write anarticle on 'Internet Surfing and Online Safety.' Write the article
in about 100-120 words.
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Read the outline given below of
a story. Write a story using this outline and your own ideas in150-200 words.
Assign a suitable title and moral to it. (10)
Outlines
A merchant going home from
work-a large sum of money with him-sudden heavy rainfall-merchantgets
wet-grumbles-shortly after attacked by a robber-robber's attempt to
shoot-failure-powder damp-the merchant escapes
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Complete the following
passage, (1
/2 x 6 = 3)
Overeating is one of the most
wonderful practices among those who think that (a) ..............can afford it.
In fact, authorities say (b) ..............nearly all who, can get as much (c)
.............. they desire, overeat to their disadvantage. This class of people
could save a great more food (d) ..............they can save missing one
mealper week and (e) .............. the same time, they could improve their
health. A heavy meal at night, (f).............. socalled dinner, is the
fashion for many and often it is taken shortly before retiring. It is
unnecessary and shouldbe avoided, not only once a week, but daily without loss
of strength.
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In the passage given below, one
word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word
that comes before and the word that comes after it in your answer sheet against
the correct blank number. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is under lined.
The first one has been done for you as an
example, (1
x 4 = 4)
When in evening Shiv Kumar's daughter did not come, he e.g.,
in the evening
and his wife very much sad and worried. The daughter
(a) .......... ........... ............
arrived 5 days. When Shiv Kumar asked her where
(b) .......... ........... ............
she had for 5 days; she replied that she had to go
Goa (c) .......... ........... ............
and not return due to the late running of the trains, (d)
.......... ........... ...........
Shiv Kumar asked her to inform him when she went out again.
The daughter told him that she would do so in the future.
She
stuck to her promise and never gave a chance of complaint
to anybody.
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Rearrange the following words
and phrases to form meaningful sentences. The first one is done for you as an
example, (1
x 3 = 3)
for/ us/ impossible/ be/ would/
it
It would be impossible for us.
(i) living/ in/ this world/ to
continue
(ii) knew exactly/each of us/in
store/if/what fate had/for him
(iii) in his/ mercy/ so God/
conceals
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Read the/allowing extracts and
answer the questions that follow. (1
x 3 = 3)
'It's mad man, sir, who worries
us by calling everyday for letters that never come', said the clerk to the postmaster.
(i) Why did the clerk call Ali a
mad man?
(ii) What was Ali waiting for?
(iii) How did the people at the
post office behave with him?
Or
Look at the many cases of
persons being restored to life hours after they were thought to be 'gone'.
(i) How have many a cases of
persons restored to life?
(ii) Who is gone in this case?
(iii) Why hadn't he been taken
to the doctor?
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Answer the following questions
in about 30-40 words. (2
x 4 = 8)
(i) How did the boys and Lucia
suffer after the great ruin of their family?
(ii) What message does 'The Dear
Departed' give?
(iii) Describe the meeting
between the frog and the nightingale.
(iv) What made Mrs Packletide to
go for a tiger hunt?
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Answer any one of the following
questions in about 80-100 words. (4)
"The Dear Departed' is a
satire on the modern society, devoid of moral values and full of insensitive, greedy
and pretentious people. Comment.
Or
After her brothers visit, Lucia
writes a page in her diary in the form of a short story about her past life and
her present situation. As Lucia, write the short-story in about 80-100 words.
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Answer any one of the following
questions in about 150-200 words. (10)
Anne Frank shows signs of fear
and courage alike. Explain. (The
Diary of a Young Girl)
Or
Draw a character sketch of Peter
van Daan. (The
Diary of a Young Girl)
How did Sullivan punish Helen
for her tantrums? (The
Story of My Life)
Or
Draw a character sketch of Dr Alexander
Graham Bell. (The Story of
My Life)
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