Answer:
The phenomenon effusion of the male and female germ cells or gametes is called fertilization. If the fusion takes place outside the body of the parents, as in fishes and amphibians, it is called external fertilization, on the other hand, if the fusion takes place within the body of the mother, as in reptiles, birds and mammals, it is called internal fertilization. Fertilization ensures restoration of the original diploid nature of the parent. It causes new combinations of characters.
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