question_answer

Describe the technique by which genetic disorder in a developing foetus can be detected.

OR

Describe three manners in which fertilisation of human ovum by a sperm can be prevented.

 

Answer:

Amniocentesis is a technique by which genetic disorder in a developing foetus can be detected. This is based on the chromosomal pattern in the amniotic fluid surrounding the developing embryo.

Amniotic fluid contains cells and molecules shed by the foetus. The chromosomes of foetal cells can also be used to find out the sex of the foetus and certain abnormalities. Thus, if an abnormality is found, the mother can get the foetus aborted.

OR

Fertilisation of human ovum by a sperm can be prvented by the following methods.

(a) Condoms: They are barriers made of thin rubber/latex sheath and are used to cover the penis in the male, or vagina and cervix in the female, just before coitus, so that the ejaculated semen would not enter into the female reproductive tract.

'Nirodh' is a popular brand of condom for the male.

(b) Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults'. They are also barriers made of rubber and are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus. They prevent conception by blocking the entry of sperms through the cervix.

(c) Spermicidal creams, jellies and foams are also used to kill the sperms.