| Which of the following conditions occur during an EI-Nino? |
| 1. Trade winds are weakened in the Eastern Pacific. |
| 2. Upwelling across the coast of Peru is suppressed and warm surface water remains across the coast. |
| 3. Air pressure rises over large areas of the South-East Pacific, while pressure drops over Western |
| Pacific. |
| 4. Release of\[{{H}_{2}}S\]in the water off the coast of Peru. |
| Select the correct answer using the codes given below. |
A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 3
C) 1, 2 and 4
D) All of these
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
[a] El-Nine is a band of anomalously warm ocean water temperatures that periodically develop off the Pacific coast South America. Extreme climate change pattern oscillations fluctuate weather across the Pacific Ocean, which results fluctuating droughts, floods and crop yields in varying regions of the world. The first signs of an EI-Nino are as follow Rise in surface pressure over the Indian Ocean, Indonesia and Australia. Fall in air pressure over Tahiti and the rest of the Central and Eastern Pacific Ocean. Trade winds in the South Pacific weakened or head East. Warm air rises near Peru, causing rain in the Northern Peruvian deserts. Warm water spreads from the West Pacific and the Indian Ocean to the East Pacific. Because El Nine's warm pool feeds thunderstorms above, it creates increased rainfall across the East central and Eastern pacific Ocean, including several portions of the South American west coast. The effects of El Nino in South America are direct aid stronger than in North America. An El Nino is associated with warm and very wet weather months are April?October along the coasts of Northern Peru and Ecuador, causing major flooding whenever the event is strong or extreme. The effects during the months of February, March and April may become critical. Along the West coast of South America, El Nino reduces the upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water that sustains large fish populations, which in turn sustain abundant sea birds, whose droppings support the fertiliser industry. The reduction in upwelling leads to fish kills of the shore of Peru.
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