question_answer

What were the changes introduced by the Bolsheviks in Russia after the October Revolution of 1917? Explain any five. OR What were the features of political policy followed by Hitler after coming to power? Explain any five.                     (5)  

Answer:

The changes introduced by the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution were (i) Most of the industries and banks were nationalized in November 1917. This meant that the government took over their ownership and management. (ii) Land was declared social property and peasants were allowed to seize the land of the nobility. (iii) In cities, Bolsheviks enforced the partition of large houses according to family requirements. (iv) The use of the old titles of aristocracy was totally banned. (v) New uniforms were designed for the army and officials, following a clothing competition organized in 1918-when the Soviet hat (budeonovka) was chosen. OR Policies adopted by Hitler once he came to power in 1933 were (i) By the Fire Decree of 28 February 1933, he indefinitely suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly. (ii) Most of the communists were hurriedly packed off to the newly established concentration camps. (iii) On 3rd March 1933, the Enabling Act was passed, which gave Hitler all powers to sideline Parliament and rule by decree. All political parties and trade unions were banned except for the Nazi Party and its affiliates. (iv) The state established complete control over the economy, media, army and judiciary. (iv) Special surveillance and security forces were created to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted.